Closing arguments

• Author: Jonathan Dichter/Bruce Kapsack
• Pages: 321-372

CLOSING ARGUMENTS

7-1

CHAPTER 7

CLOSING ARGUMENTS

I. INTRODUCTION

§7:01 Goals—Reasonable Doubt in All Cases

§7:02 Neutralizing Prosecutor’s Closing: Solutions to Not Having the Last Word

§7:03 Capturing the Jurors’ Hearts and Minds

§7:04 Developing Your Own Voice

§7:05 Handling the Defense Stigma

II. TYPES OF CLOSING ARGUMENTS

§7:10 Basic Categories of Closings

A. The Story Closing

§7:20 Effective Storytelling

§7:21 Example: Bloodshot Eyes

§7:22 Chronological Order Is Best

§7:23 Tell Story in “Here and Now”

§7:24 Emphasize Theme

§7:25 The Moral

B. The Rules Closing

§7:30 What Is a “Rules” Closing?

§7:31 Rules Closing Must Be Accurate

§7:32 Use Outline, Rather Than Chronological Organization

§7:33 Repeat “Reasonable Doubt”

§7:34 Tailor Trial Examination to Closing

§7:35 Use Charts

§7:36 Use Demonstrations

§7:37 Combine With Story Close

C. The “I Cannot Believe This Piece of Junk Made It This Far” Closing

§7:50 When to Use

§7:51 How It Works

§7:52 Two Cautions

§7:53 Sample Closing Argument

III. ANALOGIES, ANECDOTES, AND STORIES

§7:60 Introduction

§7:61 Witness Testimony

§7:62 Minor Problems

§7:63 Acceptable Machine Errors

§7:64 Machine versus People

§7:65 Rising Alcohol

CLOSING ARGUMENTS

Innovative DUI Trial Tools 7-2

§7:66 Circumstantial Evidence

§7:67 The Note Pad

§7:68 The Tripod

§7:69 The Reveal: No Observed Driving Case

§7:70 Three Verdicts: The Hung Jury

§7:71 Lack of Rebuttal

§7:72 Urine Testing: Hawaiian Punch Demonstration

§7:73 Keep it Fair

§7:74 The Flight Attendant Analogy

§7:75 Lack of Observation Period Covered by Technology

§7:76 Thermometer Analogy

§7:77 Averages

IV. BURDENS OF PROOF

A. The Staircase

§7:80 Introduction

§7:81 Reasonable Suspicion

§7:82 Probable Cause

§7:83 Preponderance

§7:84 Clear and Convincing

§7:85 Beyond a Reasonable Doubt

§7:86 Prosecution’s Rebuttal

B. Closing Argument Aids

§7:90 Burden of Proof Building Blocks

§7:91 Degrees of Guilt

V. COMPLETE CLOSINGS

§7:100 The Interrogator (Refusal Cases)

§7:101 The Inspector (Breath Test Cases)

§7:102 Disconnect Cases (High BAC)

§7:103 Circumstantial Evidence Case (No Test or Other Guy Drove)

§7:104 GERD

VI. CONSTRUCTING A POWER POINT CLOSING ARGUMENT

§7:110 Introduction

§7:111 The Evidence

§7:112 Essential Points to Be Made on Cross-Examination

§7:113 The Presentation

§7:114 Slides for Combining the “Baby Stepping” Portion of the

Off‌icer’s Cross Examination with Burden of Proof Arguments

CLOSING ARGUMENTS

7-3 Closing Arguments §7:01

I. INTRODUCTION

§7:01 Goals—Reasonable Doubt In All Cases

Ι τψπιχαλλψ σταρτ τριαλ πρεπαρατιον βψ πρεπαρινγ µψ χλοσινγ αργυµεντ. Τηεν Ι γο βαχκ το ϕυρψ σελεχτιον ανδ τηεν

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    

δοων τηε πλοτ ποιντσ τηατ ωιλλ χοννεχτ τηε δοτσ.

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ϖερδιχτ µυστ   

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    



  



ϖοιχε ψου ωαντ το βε ρινγινγ ιν τηειρ εαρσ.

Fig. 7-00A State Has Invited You to Dinner

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