New York. Practice Text

Chapter 35

for the

STATE OF NEW YORK

Updated and Revised by

Scott Martin, Esq.

Ryan F. Harsch, Esq.

Greenberg Traurig, LLP

New York, New York

The Section of Antitrust Law thanks James Yoon, Assistant Attorney General,

Antitrust Bureau, Department of Law, State of New York, for his review of this

chapter.

The Section gratefully acknowledges Aton Arbisser, Esq., Jodi S. Balsam, Esq.,

Wayne D. Collins, Esq., Susan Beth Farmer, Esq., Steven M. Pincus, Esq., Sharon

Selby, Esq., Antonia B. Sherman, Esq., and Tamir Young, Esq. for their work on this

chapter in prior editions.

New York 35-iii

CONTENTS

1.



Introduction ................................................................................................... 1



1.a.



Overview ........................................................................................... 1



2.



The Per Se Rule and the Rule of Reason ....................................................... 3



3.



Horizontal Agreements Other Than Group Boycotts .................................... 6



3.a.



Price Fixing ....................................................................................... 6



3.b.



Market Allocation ............................................................................. 9



4.



Group Boycotts ............................................................................................ 11



4.a.



Concerted Refusals to Deal ............................................................. 11



4.b.



Expulsion or Exclusion from Membership in Trade

Associations or Other Groups ......................................................... 13



5.



Resale Price Maintenance ............................................................................ 15



5.a.



Generally ......................................................................................... 15



5.b.



Monsanto Rule ................................................................................ 15



5.c.



Impact of Leegin ............................................................................. 16



6.



Nonprice Vertical Restraints–Intrabrand ..................................................... 17



7.



Nonprice Vertical Restraints–Interbrand ..................................................... 18



8.



Tying Arrangements .................................................................................... 19



9.



Dual Distribution ......................................................................................... 20



10.

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Intracorporate Conspiracy............................................................................ 21



11.



Monopolization ............................................................................................ 22



12.



Mergers ........................................................................................................ 24



13.



Discrimination & Other Single Firm Pricing Regulation ............................ 24



13.a.



Price Discrimination ....................................................................... 24



13.b.



Price Gouging and Minimum Pricing Statutes ................................ 25



13.c.



Specific Industry Rules ................................................................... 26



13.c.1.



Alcohol and Beverages ............................................... 26



13.c.2.



Cigarettes .................................................................... 27



13.c.3.



Dairy ........................................................................... 28



13.c.4.



Fuel and Petroleum ..................................................... 28



13.c.6.



Insurance ..................................................................... 29



13.c.7.



Public Utilities ............................................................ 29



14.



Exemptions and Defenses to Antitrust Liability .......................................... 30



14.a.



Statutory Exemptions and Defenses ................................................ 30



14.a.1.



State Action ................................................................. 30



14.a.2.



Contribution ................................................................ 30



14.a.3.



Filed Rate Doctrine ..................................................... 30



14.a.4.



Statute of Limitations .................................................. 32



14.a.5.



Preemption .................................................................. 33



14.a.6.



Labor ........................................................................... 34



14.a.7.



Insurance ..................................................................... 35



14.a.8.



Agriculture .................................................................. 36



14.a.9.



Alcohol ........................................................................ 36



14.a.10.



Cigarettes .................................................................... 37



14.a.11.



Dairy ........................................................................... 37

