Index

• Jurisdiction: United States

Index

A

Affirmative defense, burden of persuasion and, 65

Alford pleas, 184, 621-26

Alston, Calvin, 260-61, 266

American Bar Association, 503, 512

Model Rules on post-conviction evidence, 315

American Psychology-Law Society

eyewitness identification reforms, 132

recorded interrogations reforms, 239

Anderson, Ken, 267

Anderson, Marvin, 302

Anti-Terrorism and Effective Death

Penalty Act (AEDPA) of 1996, 85-86, 361

Appellate review, sufficiency of evidence. See under Evidence

Arrest, decision to, 26-34

Attorneys. See Defense counsel; Prosecutor

Avery, Steven, 192-93

B

Banks, Delma Jr., 491

Bean, Ralph, 112

Bedau-Radelet measure of innocence, 13-14

Behrendt, Paul, 111

Bennett, Harry, 260-61, 266

Bibbins, Gene, 411

Bingham, Thomas (Regina v. CCRC ex parte Pearson), 714-15

Bite marks, 420-29. See also under

Scientific and forensic evidence

Blackstone, 64

Blanton, Ray, 709

Bloodsworth, Kirk, 4, 9

Boorn, Jesse, 3-4, 8-9, 169

Boorn, Stephen, 3-4, 8-9, 169

Borchard, Edwin, 21-22

Brady doctrine, 255-69

Brady v. Maryland, 255-66

post-conviction access to evidence and, 296-97

prosecutor's decision making on exculpatory evidence, 267-68

rejection of (United States v. Olsen), 268-69

Turner v. United States, 266-67

wrongful convictions linked to violations of, 267

Brathwaite criteria, 115-22, 156

Brooks, Levon, 427

Brow, Katharina, 745

Brown, Troy, 451

Buckey, Peggy McMartin, 565

Buckey, Raymond, 565

Buckley, Stephen, 44-45, 379-80

Bullets lead analysis, comparative, 412-20

Burton, Mary Jane, 301-3

Bush, George H. W., 479

Bush, George W., 700-701

C

Capital cases, 639-88. See also Death penalty; Executions; Executive clemency

constitutional issues, 642-68

Baze v. Rees, 653-57

Glossip v. Gross, 658-66

Kansas v. Marsh, 642-52

United States v. Quinones, 666-68

death-qualified juries and, 669-87 (See also Jurors and juries, death-qualified)

incidence of exonerations and executions in, 640-42

jurors' lingering doubt in, 657-58

wrongful conviction in, 18-20

Carona, Michael, 535

Carter, Debra Sue, 429

Caruso, Francesco, 5-7, 9-10

Catlett, Timothy, 261

Central Park Jogger case, 192

Chaney, Steven, 429

Child sex abuse, contributing factors to wrongful conviction in, 18

Child witnesses, 563-83

approach to admitting testimony of, 563

Friedman v. Rehal, 565-78

interview protocols for, 582

poor interviews of, 582-83

problems with child-molestation cases and, 563-65

State v. Michaels, 578-82

"Christian burial speech," 8

Clemency. See Executive clemency

Clinton, Bill, 692

Coles, Sylvester "Red," 99

Colvin, Russell, 3-4, 8-9, 169

Commutation, 690, 691-92

Comparative bullet lead analysis, 412-20

Compensation for wrongfully convicted, 715 -47. See also Exoneration(s), compensation following

Compliant false confessions, 170

Confessions. See False confessions; Voluntariness of confessions

Confidence statement, 132

Confirmation bias (tunnel vision), 34

Connick, Harry, 54

Convicting the Innocent (Borchard), 21-22

Conviction integrity (review) units, 269-70, 714. See also Innocence commissions

Corporeal identifications. See Line-ups and show-ups

Cotton, Ronald, 135

Counsel. See Defense counsel; Prosecutor

Court of Last Resort, The (Gardner), 22

Courtroom spectators, 539-51

Cowans, Stephan, 411

Crime laboratories. See Forensics laboratories and fraud

Criminal Cases Review Commission (CCRC), 713, 714-15

Criminal justice process, 25 -103

habeas corpus and claims of innocence, 85-102

overview of, 25-26

police and arrest decision, 26-34

post-conviction review, 79-85

proof beyond reasonable doubt in criminal trial, 57-65

prosecutor's decisions, 34-57

sufficiency of evidence in appellate review, 65-78

Crowe, Michael, 192

Cruise, Walter, 277

Cruz, Rolando, 44-45, 380

D

Damages. See Exoneration(s), compensation following

Danzinger, Richard, 613 -14

Dassey, Brendan, 192-93

Daubert test, 385, 386

criticism, 399

judges' understanding of, 399-400

State v. Porter, 386-98

Davis, Troy, 98-100

Death penalty. See also Capital cases; Executions; Jurors and juries, death-qualified

Illinois commission report on, 657, 668

Maryland statute on, 669

Massachusetts reforms of, 668-69

post-Furman, 639

public opinion on, 641, 652-53

Death Penalty Information Center (DPIC)

clemency, 691

criteria for innocence, 12-13

innocence list, 260

Death-qualified juries. See under Jurors and juries

Defendant, testimony on prior convictions of, 551-58

Defense

affirmative, 65

court-appointed experts for, 358-76

Ake v. Oklahoma, 358-60

Dugas v. Coplan, 374-75

juvenile court, 375

McWilliams v. Dunn, 360-62

Moore v. State, 362-74

"wrong person," 9

Defense attorney's fallacy, 450-51

Defense counsel, 329-77

ineffective assistance of, 16, 344-58

and DNA exonerations, 356-57

Hinton v. Alabama, 351-56

Lee, Koua Fong, 356

"near miss" cases, 357

plea deals and, 357-58

State v. Whittaker, 356

Strickland v. Washington, 344-45, 349-50

Towns v. Smith, 345-49

right to, at line-ups (United States v. Wade), 110-11

right to court-appointed, 329-44

Alabama v. Shelton, 339-40

Argersinger v. Hamlin, 331, 337-38

early appointment, 341

Gideon v. Wainwright, 329, 330-31

misdemeanor cases, 331-44

Nichols v. United States, 339

Powell v. Alabama, 330

Scott v. Illinois, 331-37

state statutes, 341

State v. Young, 341-43

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). See DNA analysis

Department of Justice. See U.S. Department of Justice

Deskovic, Jeffrey, 715-16

Dick, Joseph Jr., 169 Dietz, Park, 5

Disclosure of exculpatory evidence, 255-70. See also under Prosecutorial misconduct

DNA analysis, 21, 440-52

Brown v. Farwell, 451-52

of hair, 438-39

Innocence Protection Act on, 315-19

jurors' response to presentation of, 450-52

match statistics and, 452

National Academy of Sciences on, 440, 448

post-conviction access to, 303-25

District Attorney's Office for the Third Judicial District v. Osborne, 303-15

Innocence Protection Act, 315-20

Newton v. City of New York, 321-25

prosecutor's and defense attorney's fallacy and, 450-51

reasonable scientific certainty and, 449-50

sources of error in, 448-49

Young v. State, 441-48, 449

DNA-based exonerations

contributing factors to, 15 -16

hair analysis and, 439

ineffective assistance of counsel and, 356-57

in sexual assault cases, 17

Dookhan, Annie, 461-67

Dotson, Gary, 15

Doubt, "lingering," 657-58. See also Proof beyond a reasonable doubt

Douglas, Napoleon, 470-71

DPIC. See Death Penalty Information Center (DPIC)

Dugan, Brian, 45, 380

DuPage Seven, 45

Duty of police to preserve evidence, 270-96. See also under Police

E

Easley, Michael, 699

Edmonds, Tyler, 734

Eleby, Carrie, 261

Erdmann, Ralph, 424

Estimator variables, 132

Evidence. See also Scientific and forensic evidence

appellate review and sufficiency of, 65-78

Corbin v. State, 67-71, 78

"no evidence" test, 65-67

Tucker v. Palmer, 72-78

United States v. Jackson, 66-67

police preservation of, 270-96 (See also under Police)

post-conviction review

access to evidence, 296-97

newly discovered evidence, 79-85

preservation of evidence, 270-77, 296-303

prosecutor's disclosure of exculpatory evidence, 255 -70 (See also under Prosecutorial misconduct)

Executions, incidence of erroneous, 641. See also Capital cases; Death Penalty

Executive clemency, 689-710

authority for, 690-91

Bacon v. Lee, 692-700

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