Chapter 2 - CHAPTER 2 Foundation

• Jurisdiction: United States

Chapter 2 Foundation

§1 Testimony

§1.1 Foundational requirements
§1.2 Challenging the foundation

§2 Writings

§2.1 Foundational requirements
§2.2 Challenging the foundation
§2.3 Introducing a writing

§3 Real evidence

§3.1 Foundational requirements
§3.2 Challenging the foundation
§3.3 Introducing real evidence

§4 Demonstrative evidence

§4.1 Foundational requirements
§4.2 Challenging the foundation
§4.3 Introducing demonstrative evidence

§5 Photographs & recordings

§5.1 Foundational requirements
§5.2 Challenging foundation
§5.3 Introducing photographs & audio recordings

§6 Maps, diagrams & charts

§7 Experimental evidence

§7.1 Foundational requirements
§7.2 Challenging the foundation
§7.3 Introducing experimental evidence

§8 Computer-generated animation & simulations

§8.1 Foundational requirements
§8.2 Challenging the foundation
§8.3 Introducing computer animations & simulations

§9 Jury views

§9.1 Foundational requirements
§9.2 Conducting the view

§10 Lay opinion

§10.1 Foundational requirements
§10.2 Challenging the foundation
§10.3 Introducing lay testimony

§11 Expert opinion

§11.1 Foundational requirements
§11.2 Specific considerations for expert testimony
§11.3 Challenging the foundation
§11.4 Introducing expert testimony

§12 Conditional examinations

§12.1 When permitted
§12.2 Procedure for requesting examination
§12.3 Procedure for taking examination
§12.4 Use of conditional examination

§13 Judicial notice

§13.1 Matters subject to judicial notice
§13.2 Effect of taking judicial notice of a document
§13.3 Requesting judicial notice
§13.4 Opportunity to respond
§13.5 Evidence in support of judicial notice
§13.6 Notice of denial
§13.7 Jury instruction

Once it has been determined that the evidence to be offered at trial is relevant, the next step is to determine whether admissibility depends on the existence or nonexistence of some other preliminary fact. See ...