O'leary, Brendan, John McGarry, and Khaled Salih.

• Position: Eds

O'leary, Brendan, John McGarry, and Khaled Salih. (Eds). The Future of Kurdistan in Iraq. Philadelphia, PN: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005. Hardcover $45.00.

Reengineering Iraq is built on illusions. All twelve authors agree that Kurdistan must exist as a political entity and that there is a bleak future awaiting all Iraqis. In a 350-page volume the authors believe that the current occupation of Iraq by coalition forces were at fault as "the idiot wind reaped its harvest." The focus of the war is unjustified because the problem is not of weapons of mass destruction. Coalition leaders got the facts wrong as they held distorted images of their own constituents and of Iraqis and Kurds and missed the important big ideas. They did not conform to the standards of international law. They needed to understand and recognize Iraq's deep diversity and that the problem was of mass human destruction.

Since the book provides debates over the future of Kurdistan within a renewed Iraq, the first section focused on federation, federacy and power sharing. The bi-national, multi-ethnic, and multi-religious federation is offered by O'leary as he contends that this is the only way to stabilize Iraq's experiment in democracy. Complementing him, John McGarry shows how the Canadian bi-national federation (as well as Belgium and Switzerland) worked successfully and can be used as a lesson for Iraq. Molly McNulty concludes the discussions of federative possibilities as she focuses on the rights and needs of children in the constitutional design.

In the section discussing the legacies of the past; Ofra Bengio provides a detailed historical analysis of previous scenarios for the development of Kurdistan. Sophia Wanche captures the mixed emotions of fear and anticipation among the Kurds just before the March 2003 invasion, and Gareth Stansfield highlights the divisions...