WOYTINSKY, W. S. Three Aspects of La bor Dynamics. Pp. xiv, 249. Washing ton : Social Science Research Council, 1942. $2.50

AuthorCarroll R. Daugherty
Published date01 November 1942
Date01 November 1942
DOI10.1177/000271624222400131
Subject MatterArticles
196
Book
Department
WOYTINSKY,
W.
S.
Three
Aspects
of
La-
bor
Dynamics.
Pp.
xiv,
249.
Washing-
ton :
Social
Science
Research
Council,
1942.
$2.50.
The
period
from
1910
to
1919
was
one
of
extensive
demand
for
labor.
The
pe-
riod
from
1919
to
1929
may
be
character-
ized
as
one
of
increasing
labor
market
rigidity.
The
1930-40
decade
saw
a
greatly
diminished
demand
for
labor
and
a
conse-
quently
large
amount
of
unemployment.
Since
1940
the
defense
and
war
program
has
reversed
again
to
a
large
extent
the
conditions
of
the
labor
market.
In
this
book
there
has
been
a
marshaling
and
reworking
of
available
statistical
data
on
the
movements
of
labor
into
and
out
of
the
market
during
the
first
three
of
the
four
periods
mentioned
above.
This
study
is
an
extremely
valuable
addition
to
the
series
which
the
Social
Science
Research
Council
has
been
developing
during
the
past
few
years.
It
is
a
commonplace
that
before
the
basic
forces
that
affect
the
sup-
ply
of
and
demand
for
labor
can
be
ana-
lyzed,
we
must
have
not
only
more
data
but
also
a
better
use
and
integration
of
existing
information.
The
term
&dquo;labor
dynamics&dquo;
is
defined
in
this
study
to
include
&dquo;all
kinds
of
varia-
tions
in
the
labor
force
of
the
Nation-the
entry
of
new
generations
into
gainful
work
and
retirement
and
death
of
aged
workers,
internal
migrations,
occupational
and
in-
dustrial
shifts,
turnover
of
the
working
forces
in
industrial
establishments
and
be-
tween
employment
and
unemployment,
the
temporary
entry
of
marginal
workers
into
gainful
pursuits
and
their
withdrawal
from
the
labor
market
because
of
changing
busi-
ness
conditions,
and
the
like.&dquo;
The
&dquo;three
aspects
of
labor
dynamics&dquo;
which
are
studied
for
the
three
periods
mentioned
above
are
the
turnover
of
labor
in
industrial
establishments,
the
turnover
of
the
unemployed,
and
the
movement
of
&dquo;additional
workers&dquo;
into
the
labor
market
during
depression
times.
The
main
contributions
of
the
part
de-
voted
to
labor
turnover
from
the
stand-
point
of
business
enterprise
is
a
demonstra-
tion
of
changes
in
the
nature
of
and
the
reasons
for
separations
from
employment
during
prosperous
and
depression
years.
Perhaps
the
chief
point
of
interest
in
the
analysis
of
unemployment
statistics
arises
from
the
treatment
of
&dquo;hard
core&dquo;
unem-
ployment.
The
discussion
of
&dquo;turnover&dquo;
among
the
unemployed
leads
naturally
into
a
discussion
of
what
the
author
calls
&dquo;sec-
ondary
unemployment&dquo;;
this
is
idleness
which
results
from
the
fact
that
new
job
seekers
enter
the
labor
market
from
fami-
lies
in
which
the
usual
earners
have
become
unemployed.
Lack
of
space
prevents
enumeration
of
the
book’s
conclusions
and
a
discussion
of
methods
employed.
It
may
be
said,
how-
ever,
that
students
of
labor-market
phe-
nomena
will
find
the
material
very
useful.
CARROLL
R.
DAUGHERTY
Hunter
College
of
the
City
of
New
York
YODER,
DALE.
Personnel
Management
and
Industrial Relations.
Pp. xxii,
848.
New
York:
Prentice-Hall,
Inc.,
1942.
$5.65
(School
Ed.:
$4.25).
This
is
a
new
and
expanded
edition
of
Personnel
and
Labor
Relations.
Like
the
first
edition,
it
is
an
excellent
descriptive
study
of
personnel
administration,
and
a
stimulating
introductory
text.
The
mate-
rial
is
well
arranged
and
readably
pre-
sented.
At
the
end
of
each
chapter
there
are
exercises
and
problems.
These,
as
well
as
suggested
collateral
reading,
are
great
teaching
aids.
Particularly
helpful
for
the
beginner
is
the
inclusion
of
a
chapter
on
statistical
tools
for
personnel
administra-
tion.
At
various
points
in
the
text
the
author
has
attempted
to
bring
the
book
up
to
date.
The
result
is
not
markedly
successful,
and
suffers
from
defect
in
method.
It
is
ob-
viously
impossible
to
capture
the
essence
of
tremendous
changes
that
have
taken
place
by
merely
inserting
a
few
general
pages,
such
as
pp.
50-51,
&dquo;Influence
of
the
Defense
and
War
Effort.&dquo;
In
fact,
as
a
guide
to
present
labor
relations
practice,
the
book
must
be
used
with
caution.
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