Standardized Field Sobriety Tests

AuthorDeandra M. Grant/Kimberly Griffin Tucker
Pages165-234
STANDARDIZED
FIELD SOBRIETY TESTS
5-1
CHAPTER 5
STANDARDIZED
FIELD SOBRIETY TESTS
I. NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION (NHTSA) AND THE EARLY SFST RESEARCH
§5:01 Development of Field Sobriety Tests
§5:02 1977 Southern California Research Institute Study (SCRI) “Psychophysical Tests for DWI
Arrest” DOT-HS-802-424
§5:03 1981 SCRI “Development and Field Test of Psychophysical Tests for DWI Arrests”
DOT-HS-805-864
§5:04 1983 “Field Evaluation of a Behavioral Test Battery for DWI” DOT-HS-806-475
II. NHTSA AND THE VALIDATION STUDIES
§5:10 Results of the Studies
§5:11 2007 “The Robustness of the Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus Test”
§5:12 The Medical Community and HGN
§5:13 Gaze Behavior and Alcohol: New Research
§5:14 False Positive Rate of SFST’s
§5:15 Can the Off‌icer Threaten Arrest to Compel the SFST’s?
III. NHTSA STANDARDIZED FIELD SOBRIETY TEST PROGRAM
A. General Points
§5:20 National Highway Traff‌ic Safety Administration Course
§5:21 Purpose of the Program
§5:22 Phases of the Program
§5:23 Key Areas of the Manual
B. Phase One: Vehicle in Motion
§5:30 Decision to Stop the Driver
§5:31 Stopping Sequence
C. Phase Two: Personal Contact
§5:40 Sight, Sound, and Smell Observations
§5:41 Pre-Exit Interview Techniques
§5:42 The Exit Sequence
D. Phase Three: Pre-Arrest Screening
1. Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus (HGN)
§5:50 Pre-Test Screening
§5:51 Initial Instructions
§5:52 Screening for Resting Nystagmus, Tracking Ability, and Pupil Size
§5:53 Clue No. 1: Lack of Smooth Pursuit
§5:54 Clue No. 2: Distinct and Sustained Nystagmus at Maximum Deviation
STANDARDIZED
FIELD SOBRIETY TESTS
Texas DWI Manual 5-2
§5:55 Clue No. 3: Onset of Nystagmus Prior to 45 Degrees
§5:56 Scoring the HGN
§5:57 Vertical Gaze Nystagmus (VGN)
2. Walk and Turn (WAT)
§5:70 General Points
§5:71 Instructions Stage
§5:72 Walking Stage
§5:73 Scoring
3. One Leg Stand (OLS)
§5:80 General Points
§5:81 Instructions Stage
§5:82 Balance and Counting Stage
§5:83 Scoring
4. The “Romberg-Modif‌ied” Test
§5:90 Test Background
§5:91 The Police Version
IV. USING FIELD SOBRIETY TESTS IN COURT
A. Admissibility of Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus Test
§5:100 Rule of Evidence 702
§5:101 Kelly v. State
§5:102 Emerson v. State
§5:103 Compton v. State
§5:104 Administration of the HGN Test
B. Setting the Stage for Jurors Through Voir Dire and Cross-Examination
1. Voir Dire
§5:110 Jurors’ Opinions About Balance
§5:111 Jurors’ Opinions About Environmental Effects
§5:112 False Positives
2. Cross-Examination of Off‌icer
§5:120 Question Off‌icer About Balance
§5:121 Question Off‌icer About Environment
§5:122 Highlight Client’s Normal Behavior
§5:123 Sample Cross-Examination Questions
C. Opening Statement and Closing Argument
§5:130 Opening Statement
§5:131 Closing Argument
V. TRIAL TRANSCRIPTS
§5:140 Cross-Examination of Arresting Off‌icer
§5:141 Direct Examination of Defense SFST Expert
§5:142 DA’s Cross Examination of Defense SFST Expert
§5:143 Re-Direct & Re-Cross Examination of Defense SFST Expert
VI. FORMS: PRETRIAL MOTIONS
5-1 Omnibus Pre-Trial Motion for DWI Cases
5-2 Order on Omnibus Pre-Trial Motion for DWI Cases
5-3 Motion to Suppress the Results of the HGN Test
5-4 Order on Motion to Suppress
STANDARDIZED
FIELD SOBRIETY TESTS
5-3 Standardized Field Sobriety Tests §5:02
I. NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
(NHTSA) AND THE EARLY SFST RESEARCH
§5:01 Development of Field Sobriety Tests
Α τηορουγη υνδερστανδινγ οφ τηε Στανδαρδιζεδ Φιελδ Σοβριετψ Τεστσ (ΣΦΣΤσ) ισ τηε βαχκβονε οφ ∆ΩΙ δεφενσε.
Ασ α ∆ΩΙ δεφενσε αττορνεψ, ψου µυστ βε αβλε το υνδερστανδ: (1) τηε βαχκγρουνδ οφ τηεσε τεστσ; (2) τηειρ πυρποσε;
ανδ (3) ηοω τηεψ ωερε δεϖελοπεδ.
Τηρεε στυδιεσ χοντριβυτεδ το τηε δεϖελοπµεντ οφ τηε ΣΦΣΤσ υσεδ τοδαψ:
1977 Πσψχηοπηψσιχαλ Τεστσ φορ ∆ΩΙ Αρρεστ (Λαβ Ονλψ). Σεε ♣5:02.
1981 ∆εϖελοπµεντ ανδ Φιελδ Τεστ οφ Πσψχηοπηψσιχαλ Τεστσ φορ ∆ΩΙ Αρρεστσ (Λαβ ανδ Φιελδ). Σεε ♣5:03.
1983 Φιελδ Εϖαλυατιον οφ α Βεηαϖιοραλ Τεστ Βαττερψ φορ ∆ΩΙ (Φιελδ Ονλψ). Σεε ♣5:04.

 
Τηερε ωασ νο χοντρολ γρουπ οφ νον−δρινκερσ το εϖαλυατε α σοβερ περσονσ περφορµανχε ον τηεσε εξερχισεσ.

εδυχατεδ ∆ΩΙ δεφενσε αττορνεψ.
§5:02 1977 Southern California Research Institute Study (SCRI)
“Psychophysical Tests for DWI Arrest” DOT-HS-802-424

πριµαρψ αυτηορσ ωερε Μαρχελλινε Βυρνσ ανδ Ηερβερτ Μοσκοωιτζ. Τηεψ ωερε εµπλοψεδ βψ τηε Σουτηερν Χαλιφορνια
Ρεσεαρχη Ινστιτυτε (ΣΧΡΙ) το στυδψ σιξ τεστσ υσεδ βψ πολιχε το εϖαλυατε συσπεχτεδ ιντοξιχατεδ δριϖερσ.
Τηεσε σιξ τεστσ, ιν βολδ, ωερε σελεχτεδ φροµ τηε φολλοωινγ 16 τεστσ:
1. Αλχοηολ γαζε νψσταγµυσ. (Νοτε: Ονσετ οφ νψσταγµυσ βεφορε 40 δεγρεεσ ωασ ονλψ χλυε αδµινιστερεδ)
2. Ροµβεργ
3. Φινγερ το νοσε.
4. Ονε λεγ στανδ.
5. Φινγερ χουντ.
6. Τονγυε τωιστερσ.
7. Συβτραχτιον, αδδιτιον, χουντ βαχκωαρδσ.
8. Ταππινγ ρατε.
9. Ωαλκ ανδ τυρν.
10. Λεττερ χανχελλατιον.
11. Τραχινγ.
12. Γριπ στρενγτη.
13. Χοιν πιχκυπ.
14. Τωο−ποιντ δισχριµινατιον.
15. Χολορ ναµινγ.
16. Σεριαλ περφορµανχε.
Α ρεδυχεδ βεστ τεστ σετ ωασ δετερµινεδ βψ α στεπωισε δισχριµιναντ αναλψσισ, ωηιχη ρεδυχεδ τηε βαττερψ το


Τηε αυτηορσ χονχλυδεδ:

ροαδσιδε ενϖιρονµεντσ, ανδ ιτ χαν βε αδαπτεδ το ψιελδ µορε πρεχισε µεασυρεµεντσ ιφ αδµινιστερεδ ιν τηε
στατιον. [Πσψχηοπηψσιχαλ Τεστσ φορ ∆ΩΙ Αρρεστ, 1977, Βυρνσ & Μοσκοωιτζ, π. 2.]

Get this document and AI-powered insights with a free trial of vLex and Vincent AI

Get Started for Free

Start Your 3-day Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

Start Your 3-day Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

Start Your 3-day Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

Start Your 3-day Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

Start Your 3-day Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

Start Your 3-day Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

VLEX uses login cookies to provide you with a better browsing experience. If you click on 'Accept' or continue browsing this site we consider that you accept our cookie policy. ACCEPT