South America Overview

AuthorPaulo Marcos Rodrigues Brancher - Carla Amaral de Andrade Junqueira Canero
Pages34-35
xxxiii
South America Overview
Ricardo Barretto Ferreira da Silva
Paulo Marcos Rodrigues Brancher
Carla Amaral de Andrade Junqueira Canero
Editors
South America has an area of 17,840,000 square kilometers. The region’s popula-
tion is approximately 390 million. South America’s economy is based mostly on
agriculture and mineral extraction.
South America’s gross domestic product experienced fast recovery after the
financial crisis in 2007–2008. The recovery from the international crisis relied on
public policies intended to lower food and energy prices, as well as investment in
infrastructure, mainly in roadway networks and ports. Brazil has the largest ports
in South America. South America is connected by regular international flights and
has over 100,000 kilometers of railway networks.
In the energy sec tor, Brazil and Argentina obtain over 80 percent of their e nergy
from hydroelectric power or natural gas, and Brazil’s large sugar cane production
also leads to significant ethanol production, but alternative sources of energy are
growing. Colombia has the largest coal reserves in South America, and Venezuela
is one of the world’s biggest oil producers. Discoveries of oil in Brazil may generate
even higher production levels in the region.
The region also has the largest mining companies in the world and is rich in
silver, copper, and iron ore. Steel production is increasing due to the promotion of
national public policies.
The mobile division leads the telecom sector. Telecom companies in South
America offer 3G and 4G networks.

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