Social Capital in Development Planning: Linking the Actors Nanetti, Raffaella Y., Holguin, Catalina. 2016. 267 pp. $120 hardcover.

• Author: Intae Choi
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.1002/pa.1846
• Published date: 01 November 2018
• Date: 01 November 2018

BOOK REVIEW

SOCIAL CAPITAL IN DEVELOPMENT

PLANNING: LINKING THE ACTORS

Edited by Nanetti, Raffaella Y. |Holguin, Catalina

2016. 267 pp. $120 hardcover.

People are exchanging their opinions and affairs with others, and by

doing this interchanges, people form organizations or communities.

Once communities are formed, there might be occurred a hierarchical

stratum because people are likely to communicate others within the

same class. Then the conflicts among different class can be raised nec-

essarily. When forming a community, school ties, blood ties, capital

strength, and political power are causes curtail social equity among

other people in the community. Social capital can mitigate this prob-

lem so the building solid and genuine social capital is inevitable for

the community.

There are representatively two ways to build social capital. One

way is “Bonding”and the other way is “Bridging.”Bonding means

building social capital among members feeling homogenous fellow-

ship. Otherwise, bridging is connecting others belong to respective

groups or class feeling heterogeneous fellowship. In perspective of

overall society, the way of bridging in community could embrace a

neglected class of people those are weaker parties. This can draw faith

in community, which is the most important factor in social capital.

However, notable point is, it couldn't be said that the bonding is

not important in building social capital in community because the

bridging also means connecting bonded group with other bonded

group. Since sensible way of bridging is seeking the solution how to

reduce complaints from community members in liking different in kind

of groups. For easy understanding between bonding and bridging, it

can be organized as the followingTable 1.

The bonding is a way of building social capital those who have

membership. They are in homogeneous social class and seeking similar

benefits. If someone have insufficient requirement to join bonded

group, it might be difficult to obtain membership. In other words, the

bonded groups have exclusive characteristic and collectivism and

might cause conflicts among other bonded groups. However, bridged

community is open for everyone. It can be said that bridging is

connecting overall citizens for making one community. Religious orga-

nizations and public educational institutions can be good examples for

bridged community. Especially in religious organizations, vulnerable

group can freely lead a religious life and do volunteer activities.

People these days, facial communication among citizens is reduc-

ing due to information and technology development. Moreover,

socially vulnerable people are alienated hardly and interest conflicts

between groups are raised sharply. To alleviate these problems, it

should be enabled to share respective viewpoints and perspectives

among others by forming bridging.

Solidarity among people usually starts from familiarity. If opportu-

nities for socialization are frequent, mutual understanding can be

deeper and possibility for building high solidity community can be

higher. Forming this kind of community means realizing “faith”and

“mutual interchange”to society. Without faith, it is difficult for build-

ing a sense of fellowship due to collectivism. Also, without mutual

interchanges, desirable community cannot be come out because the

desirable community is formed by frequent meetings among people

physically. Even if extraneous aids are made financially and politically

to form community, it is hard to raising social equity in lack of faith

and mutual interchangesamong people. Consequently, for making com-

munity enhancing social equity, it should be involvedrecognition about

inevitable faith and mutual interchanges among people in community.

FUNDING STATEMENT

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in

the public, commercial, or not‐for‐profit sectors.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST DECLARATION

This research has no conflict of interest to declare.

ORCID

Intae Choi http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3349-804X

Intae Choi

Yonsei University

Correspondence

Intae Choi, Yonsei University, Yonhee Hall 302, 50, Yonsei‐ro, Seodaemun‐gu, Seoul

03722, Republic of Korea.

Email: intae9294@gmail.com

TABLE 1 Comparison between the bonding and the bridging

Bonding Bridging

Trait Exclusive Inclusive

Subject Assigned member No restriction

Entry Level Difficult Simple

Link Scope Only among belonged

members

Overall society citizens

Commitment

for Society

Only for relevant

group

Can increase overall

social equity

Received: 12 June 2018 Accepted: 14 June 2018

DOI: 10.1002/pa.1846

J Public Affairs. 2018;18:e1846.

https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.1846

© 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/pa 1of1