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SIC 3493 Steel Springs, Except Wire
SIC 3493
This category includes establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing leaf springs, hot wound springs, and coiled flat springs. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wire springs are classified in SIC 3495: Wire Springs.
332611
Steel Spring (except Wire) Manufacturing
According to the U.S. Census Bureau's Statistics of U. S. Businesses, 128 establishments operated in this category for part or all of 2001. According to the 2001 Annual Census of Manufactures, the specific segment of the industry covered by SIC 3493: Steel Springs, Except Wire employed 5,400 people and had a payroll of $201 million. Of these employees, nearly 4,000 worked in production. Industry shipments were valued at $480 million. Projections for 2004 indicated a small decline, with 5,100 employees in 121 establishments. For more information on the spring manufacturing industry as a whole, consult the essay on SIC 3495: Wire Springs.
Tuthill Transport Technologies of Springfield, Missouri, led the industry with 2001 sales of $95 million and 400 employees. In second place was Hilite Industries of Elk Grove Village, Illinois, with $35 million in sales and 300 employees. Rounding out the top three was New Mather Metals Inc. of Toledo, Ohio, with $33 million in sales and 200 employees.
The automotive industry is the largest consumer of steel springs. The Spring Manufacturers Institute Inc. (SMI) reported that sales to automotive customers accounted for the largest portion—41.3 percent of industry sales in 1992—followed by industrial equipment customers, which accounted for 8.8 percent of sales. Alloy, carbon, and stainless steels were the most commonly used spring materials because of their strength. Titanium, however, was gaining popularity in the early 1990s because of its superior strength, light weight, and resistance to corrosion. Titanium's high cost was once prohibitive, but new, less expensive titanium alloys expanded its use.
Advances in technology have boosted the production capabilities of some spring manufacturers, but this is not a requirement for survival in the industry. In Springs, George Keremedjiev, president of Tecknow Education Services Inc., noted that spring manufacturing companies were using anything from "state-of-the-art electronics in tooling to machinery and tooling that seemingly is frozen in time back in the 1950s." In other words, the technology employed in spring...
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- Fabricated Metal Products, Except Machinery and Transportation Equipment
- SIC 3411 Metal Cans
- SIC 3412 Metal Shipping Barrels, Drums, Kegs, and Pails
- SIC 3421 Cutlery
- SIC 3423 Hand and Edge Tools, Except Machine Tools and Handsaws
- SIC 3425 Saw Blades and Handsaws
- SIC 3429 Hardware, Not Elsewhere Classified
- SIC 3431 Enameled Iron and Metal Sanitary Ware
- SIC 3432 Plumbing Fixtures and Fittings
- SIC 3433 Heating Equipment, Except Electric and Warm Air Furnaces
- SIC 3441 Fabricated Structural Metal
- SIC 3442 Metal Doors, Sash, Frames, Molding, and Trim
- SIC 3443 Fabricated Plate Work—Boiler Shops
- SIC 3444 Sheet Metal Work
- SIC 3446 Architectural and Ornamental Metal Work
- SIC 3448 Prefabricated Metal Buildings and Component Manufacturing
- SIC 3449 Miscellaneous Structural Metal Work
- SIC 3451 Screw Machine Products
- SIC 3452 Bolts, Nuts, Screws, Rivets, and Washers
- SIC 3462 Iron and Steel Forgings
- SIC 3463 Nonferrous Forgings
- SIC 3465 Automotive Stampings
- SIC 3466 Crowns and Closures
- SIC 3469 Metal Stampings, Not Elsewhere Classified
- SIC 3471 Electroplating, Plating, Polishing, Anodizing, and Coloring
- SIC 3479 Coating, Engraving, and Allied Services, Not Elsewhere Classified
- SIC 3482 Small Arms Ammunition
- SIC 3483 Ammunition, Except for Small Arms
- SIC 3484 Small Arms
- SIC 3489 Ordnance and Accessories, Not Elsewhere Classified
- SIC 3491 Industrial Valves
- SIC 3492 Fluid Power Valves and Hose Fittings
- SIC 3493 Steel Springs, Except Wire
- SIC 3494 Valves and Pipe Fittings, Not Elsewhere Classified
- SIC 3495 Wire Springs
- SIC 3496 Miscellaneous Fabricated Wire Products
- SIC 3497 Metal Foil and Leaf
- SIC 3498 Fabricated Pipe and Pipe Fittings
- SIC 3499 Fabricated Metal Products, Not Elsewhere Classified
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