SIC 3398 Metal Heat Treating
SIC 3398
This category covers establishments primarily engaged in heat treating of metal for the trade.
332811
Metal Heat Treating
A variety of forms of heat treating are used to make metals more durable and to improve their mechanical performance for manufacturing. Heat treating processes include brazing, annealing, hardening and tempering, normalizing, nitriding, and carburizing. In each of these processes, controlled heat is generated from an electrical or gas-based source and applied to metals, making heat treatment an energy-intensive industry. Heat treated metals are required in components produced for aerospace, industrial machinery, heavy equipment for construction and agriculture, motor vehicles, and general manufacturing.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, roughly 800 establishments operate in this category. Industry employment in 2000 totaled 24,752 workers receiving a payroll of almost $890 million. Of these employees, 18,933 worked in production, putting in almost 38 million hours to earn wages of more than $587 million. Overall shipments for the industry were valued at more than $3.9 billion in 2005.
After 2001, the U.S. Census Bureau, for the purpose of employment record keeping, combined this industry with two others to create a larger industry category called Coating, Engraving, Heat Treating, and Allied Activities. Employment in this larger industry in 2005 totaled 126,607 workers, down from 138,241 in 2002. Of these employees, 97,262 worked in production, putting in more than 205 million hours to earn wages in excess of $3.2 billion.
In 1998, Cleveland-based industry leader LTV Corp., which generated sales of almost $4.3 billion, joined with Steel Dynamics Inc. from Butler, Indiana, and Weirton Steel Corp. of Weirton, West Virginia, to create a World Wide Web-based dynamic portal trading system called Metal Exchange, through which to sell steel. Weirton's existing online sales site had generated about $50 million per year during the prior two years. Then, in late 1999, General Motors (GM) announced it would conduct all $87 billion worth of its steel purchasing online by the end of 2001. Online commerce promised increased efficiencies, reducing purchase order processing from $100 to $10 by 2001. GM chose to conduct its business through Metal Site, an outgrowth of Metal Exchange, with added equity partners Bethlehem Steel Corp. of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and...
To continue reading
Request your trial- Encyclopedia of American Industries
- Primary Metals Industries
- SIC 3312 Steel Works, Blast Furnaces (Including Coke Ovens), and Rolling Mills
- SIC 3313 Electrometallurgical Products, Except Steel
- SIC 3315 Steel Wiredrawing and Steel Nails and Spikes
- SIC 3316 Cold Finishing of Steel Shapes
- SIC 3317 Steel Pipe and Tubes
- SIC 3321 Gray and Ductile Iron Foundries
- SIC 3322 Malleable Iron Foundries
- SIC 3324 Steel Investment Foundries
- SIC 3325 Steel Foundries, Not Elsewhere Classified
- SIC 3331 Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper
- SIC 3334 Primary Production of Aluminum
- SIC 3339 Primary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metals, Except Copper and Aluminum
- SIC 3341 Secondary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metals
- SIC 3351 Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding of Copper
- SIC 3353 Aluminum Sheet, Plate, and Foil
- SIC 3354 Aluminum Extruded Products
- SIC 3355 Aluminum Rolling and Drawing, Not Elsewhere Classified
- SIC 3356 Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding of Nonferrous Metals, Except Copper and Aluminum
- SIC 3357 Drawing and Insulating of Nonferrous Wire
- SIC 3363 Aluminum Die-Castings
- SIC 3364 Nonferrous Die-Castings Except Aluminum
- SIC 3365 Aluminum Foundries
- SIC 3366 Copper Foundries
- SIC 3369 Nonferrous Foundries, Except Aluminum and Copper
- SIC 3398 Metal Heat Treating
- SIC 3399 Primary Metal Products, Not Elsewhere Classified
Subscribers can access the reported version of this case.
You can sign up for a trial and make the most of our service including these benefits.
Why Sign-up to vLex?
-
Over 100 Countries
Search over 120 million documents from over 100 countries including primary and secondary collections of legislation, case law, regulations, practical law, news, forms and contracts, books, journals, and more.
-
Thousands of Data Sources
Updated daily, vLex brings together legal information from over 750 publishing partners, providing access to over 2,500 legal and news sources from the world’s leading publishers.
-
Find What You Need, Quickly
Advanced A.I. technology developed exclusively by vLex editorially enriches legal information to make it accessible, with instant translation into 14 languages for enhanced discoverability and comparative research.
-
Over 2 million registered users
Founded over 20 years ago, vLex provides a first-class and comprehensive service for lawyers, law firms, government departments, and law schools around the world.
Subscribers are able to see a list of all the cited cases and legislation of a document.
You can sign up for a trial and make the most of our service including these benefits.
Why Sign-up to vLex?
-
Over 100 Countries
Search over 120 million documents from over 100 countries including primary and secondary collections of legislation, case law, regulations, practical law, news, forms and contracts, books, journals, and more.
-
Thousands of Data Sources
Updated daily, vLex brings together legal information from over 750 publishing partners, providing access to over 2,500 legal and news sources from the world’s leading publishers.
-
Find What You Need, Quickly
Advanced A.I. technology developed exclusively by vLex editorially enriches legal information to make it accessible, with instant translation into 14 languages for enhanced discoverability and comparative research.
-
Over 2 million registered users
Founded over 20 years ago, vLex provides a first-class and comprehensive service for lawyers, law firms, government departments, and law schools around the world.
Subscribers are able to see a list of all the documents that have cited the case.
You can sign up for a trial and make the most of our service including these benefits.
Why Sign-up to vLex?
-
Over 100 Countries
Search over 120 million documents from over 100 countries including primary and secondary collections of legislation, case law, regulations, practical law, news, forms and contracts, books, journals, and more.
-
Thousands of Data Sources
Updated daily, vLex brings together legal information from over 750 publishing partners, providing access to over 2,500 legal and news sources from the world’s leading publishers.
-
Find What You Need, Quickly
Advanced A.I. technology developed exclusively by vLex editorially enriches legal information to make it accessible, with instant translation into 14 languages for enhanced discoverability and comparative research.
-
Over 2 million registered users
Founded over 20 years ago, vLex provides a first-class and comprehensive service for lawyers, law firms, government departments, and law schools around the world.
Subscribers are able to see the revised versions of legislation with amendments.
You can sign up for a trial and make the most of our service including these benefits.
Why Sign-up to vLex?
-
Over 100 Countries
Search over 120 million documents from over 100 countries including primary and secondary collections of legislation, case law, regulations, practical law, news, forms and contracts, books, journals, and more.
-
Thousands of Data Sources
Updated daily, vLex brings together legal information from over 750 publishing partners, providing access to over 2,500 legal and news sources from the world’s leading publishers.
-
Find What You Need, Quickly
Advanced A.I. technology developed exclusively by vLex editorially enriches legal information to make it accessible, with instant translation into 14 languages for enhanced discoverability and comparative research.
-
Over 2 million registered users
Founded over 20 years ago, vLex provides a first-class and comprehensive service for lawyers, law firms, government departments, and law schools around the world.
Subscribers are able to see any amendments made to the case.
You can sign up for a trial and make the most of our service including these benefits.
Why Sign-up to vLex?
-
Over 100 Countries
Search over 120 million documents from over 100 countries including primary and secondary collections of legislation, case law, regulations, practical law, news, forms and contracts, books, journals, and more.
-
Thousands of Data Sources
Updated daily, vLex brings together legal information from over 750 publishing partners, providing access to over 2,500 legal and news sources from the world’s leading publishers.
-
Find What You Need, Quickly
Advanced A.I. technology developed exclusively by vLex editorially enriches legal information to make it accessible, with instant translation into 14 languages for enhanced discoverability and comparative research.
-
Over 2 million registered users
Founded over 20 years ago, vLex provides a first-class and comprehensive service for lawyers, law firms, government departments, and law schools around the world.
Subscribers are able to see a visualisation of a case and its relationships to other cases. An alternative to lists of cases, the Precedent Map makes it easier to establish which ones may be of most relevance to your research and prioritise further reading. You also get a useful overview of how the case was received.
Why Sign-up to vLex?
-
Over 100 Countries
Search over 120 million documents from over 100 countries including primary and secondary collections of legislation, case law, regulations, practical law, news, forms and contracts, books, journals, and more.
-
Thousands of Data Sources
Updated daily, vLex brings together legal information from over 750 publishing partners, providing access to over 2,500 legal and news sources from the world’s leading publishers.
-
Find What You Need, Quickly
Advanced A.I. technology developed exclusively by vLex editorially enriches legal information to make it accessible, with instant translation into 14 languages for enhanced discoverability and comparative research.
-
Over 2 million registered users
Founded over 20 years ago, vLex provides a first-class and comprehensive service for lawyers, law firms, government departments, and law schools around the world.
Subscribers are able to see the list of results connected to your document through the topics and citations Vincent found.
You can sign up for a trial and make the most of our service including these benefits.
Why Sign-up to vLex?
-
Over 100 Countries
Search over 120 million documents from over 100 countries including primary and secondary collections of legislation, case law, regulations, practical law, news, forms and contracts, books, journals, and more.
-
Thousands of Data Sources
Updated daily, vLex brings together legal information from over 750 publishing partners, providing access to over 2,500 legal and news sources from the world’s leading publishers.
-
Find What You Need, Quickly
Advanced A.I. technology developed exclusively by vLex editorially enriches legal information to make it accessible, with instant translation into 14 languages for enhanced discoverability and comparative research.
-
Over 2 million registered users
Founded over 20 years ago, vLex provides a first-class and comprehensive service for lawyers, law firms, government departments, and law schools around the world.