Sentencing
Author | Barry Boss/Jeffrey H. Rutherford/Michael J. Proctor |
Pages | 685-818 |
SENTENCING
15-1
CHAPTER 15
SENTENCING
I. GOVERNING LAW
A. Evolution of the Sentencing Guidelines Regime
§15:1 Introduction
§15:2 Judicial Discretion Pre-Guidelines
§15:3 Judicial Discretion Under the Guidelines
§15:4 The Court’s Watershed Opinion in United States v. Booker
§15:5 Judicial Discretion Post Booker, Under Advisory Guidelines
§15:6 The Decisions in Rita, Gall, and Kimbrough
§15:7 Federal Sentencing Scheme Post-Booker under Advisory Guidelines
§15:8 Proper Sentencing Procedure Post-Gall
§15:8.1 Guideline Range Must Be Correctly Calculated
§15:8.2 District Courts Must Not Place Undue Weight on the Guideline Calculation
§15:8.3 The Sentencing Court Must Adequately Explain Its Sentence, Resolve
All Non-Frivolous Issues Raised by a Party and Provide Reasons
Justifying Sentences Outside Applicable Guideline Range
§15:8.4 Alternative Sentences May or May Not Be Procedurally Unsound
§15:8.5 Disagreeing With the Guidelines
§15:9 Long-Term Implications for Defendants
§15:10 Proceedings Under 18 U.S.C. §3582(c)(2)
B. FRCrP 32
§15:11 Purpose
§15:12 Procedure and Timetable
C. Advisory Sentencing Guidelines
1. Definitions
§15:13 Sentencing
§15:14 Total Offense Level Including Upward and Downward Adjustments
§15:15 Acceptance of Responsibility
§15:16 Criminal History
§15:16.1 Basic Points
§15:16.2 Armed Career Criminal Act and Career Offender Guidelines
§15:16.3 Departure Where Criminal History Category Overrepresents
Seriousness of Defendant’s Criminal History
§15:17 Guideline Range
§15:18 Sentencing Worksheet
§15:19 Policy Statement
§15:20 Commentary
§15:21 Relevant Conduct
§15:22 Acquitted and Dismissed Conduct
SENTENCING
Federal Criminal Practice 15-2
2. Guidelines In General
§15:23 Purpose and Non-Binding Nature
§15:24 Enactment and Amendment
§15:25 Guidelines Manual
§15:26 Ex Post Facto Violations
§15:27 Policy Statements
§15:28 Commentary
§15:29 Below Guideline Sentences; Departures and Variances
3. Variances From Guidelines Under 18 U.S.C. §3553(a)
§15:30 Most Commonly Relied Upon Grounds for Downward Variances
§15:31 Medical Conditions
§15:32 Mental and Emotional Conditions At The Time of the Offense
§15:33 Troubled or Traumatic Childhood
§15:34 Charitable Acts
§15:35 Substantial Assistance Without Government Motion
§15:36 Guideline Disparity Between Crack and Powder Cocaine
§15:37 Disparity Between Co-Defendants and Other Federal Defendants
§15:38 Disparity Between State and Federal Defendants
§15:39 Absence of a Fast-Track Program
§15:40 Rehabilitation and Post-Sentence Rehabilitation
§15:41 Loss Overstates Culpability
§15:42 Mandatory Minimum of Separate Offense As Basis To Impose Lower Sentence
4. Guideline Departures
a. Grounds
§15:43 In General
b. Procedure
§15:44 Advise Prosecutor and Probation Officer
§15:45 File Motion
§15:46 Court’s Statement of Reasons
§15:47 Appellate Review
c. Aggravating or Mitigating Circumstances
§15:48 What Court May Consider
§15:49 Departure Policy Statements
§15:49.1 Departure Discouraged
§15:49.2 Departure Encouraged
§15:49.3 Departure Forbidden
d. Substantial Assistance
§15:50 Government Motion
§15:51 Government’s Obligation Under Plea Agreement
§15:52 Judicial Review of Refusal to File Motion
§15:53 Move Court to Compel Compliance With Plea Agreement
§15:54 Court May Not Defer Ruling
§15:55 Refusal to Depart Downward Not Appealable
§15:56 Factors That Can Be Considered in Departing Based on Defendant’s Assistance
§15:57 Departure Starts From Mandatory Minimum Term
5. Resources
§15:58 Books and Periodicals
§15:59 USSC Online
§15:60 Defenders Services Division Training Branch
D. Other
§15:61 Statutes
§15:62 Cases
SENTENCING
15-3 Sentencing
II. SENTENCE OPTIONS
A. In General
§15:63 Determining Factors
§15:64 Authorized Sentences
§15:65 Abolition of Parole; Time to Be Served
§15:66 Supervised Release
§15:67 Restitution
§15:67.1 Discretionary (18 U.S.C. §3663)
§15:67.2 Mandatory (“MVRA”) (18 U.S.C. §3663A)
§15:67.3 Determining the Amount of Restitution and Payment Schedule
§15:67.4 Crime Victims’ Rights Act (CVRA)
§15:67.5 Title 26 (Tax) Cases
§15:67.6 Appeal Waivers
§15:67.7 Attorneys’ Fees and Related Expenses Incurred
During the Course of the Investigation
§15:67.8 Child Pornography Cases
§15:67.9 Restitution and Forfeitures
B. Minimum or Maximum Sentence
§15:68 Maximum Fine or Imprisonment Generally
§15:69 Mandatory Minimum Terms
§15:70 “Safety Valve” for First Time Drug Offenders
§15:71 Mandatory Life Imprisonment for Serious Felonies
§15:72 Fair Sentencing Act of 2010
[§15:73 – 15:84 Reserved]
III. PROCEDURE
A. Presentence Investigation and Report
1. In General
§15:85 Definition
§15:86 Probation Officer’s Role
§15:87 Time Requirements
§15:88 Cases in Which Report Required
§15:89 Waiver
§15:90 Information From Government
2. Information From Defendant
§15:91 Extent of Information to Provide
§15:92 Get Advance Notice of Contact With Defendant
§15:93 Defendant Interview
§15:94 [Reserved]
§15:95 Offense of Conviction
§15:96 Discussing Offense After Trial
§15:97 Relevant Conduct
§15:98 Substance Abuse
§15:99 Grounds for Downward Departure
3. Application of Guidelines
§15:100 Probation Officer’s Calculation
§15:101 Review Case Law and Statutes
4. Sentence Recommendation
§15:102 Possible Recommendations
§15:103 Disclosure Before Sentencing
5. Objections
§15:104 Procedure
§15:105 Send to Probation Officer
§15:106 Object to Preserve Issue for Appeal
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