Rio revuelto.
Author | Stinson, Douglass |
Position | Brasil - TT: Problems. - TA: Brazil |
Las discordias políticas y una laguna jurídica estancan la privatización multimillonaria de los acueductos brasileños.
LA VENTA DE ACUEDUCTOS EN AMÉRICA Latina es un reflejo del estado de la mayor parte de las tuberías y las alcantarillas de la región.
Los licitadores incluso consideran las frecuentes interrupciones de los intentos de privatización formas de moderar el riesgo. "Es parte del análisis para determinar el grado de preparación de una ciudad", apunta Camilo Rincon, ejecutivo de Azurix. "Mientras más intentos, menos riesgo".
Desde ese ángulo, Cedae, la empresa estatal de acueductos de Rio de Janeiro, está mas preparada que la mayoría. Originalmente una venta importante que debía generar US$4.240 millones, se ha convertido en torpe pareja en un politizado baile de privatizaciones que ha tenido numerosos inicios, paradas, pleitos judiciales, redefiniciones y recriminaciones. A lo largo de los meses, los activos en venta se redujeron a US$788 millones, mientras la batalla entre las autoridades retrasó la licitación lo suficiente para que un nuevo gobernador tomara posesión y la cancelara.
La privatización de los acueductos de Rio de Janeiro aún está por resolverse, y la demora revela la ausencia de regulaciones jurídicas sobre la propiedad de los acueductos en Brasil.
Las leyes brasileñas no contemplan que organismo tiene autoridad para privatizar la infraestructura municipal del agua. Por supuesto, está en juego la fortuna que las empresas privadas pagarían, y el triunfo político de llevarse el mérito de reconstruir el sistema de acueductos. El Tribunal Supremo debe emitir un fallo este año.
Hasta la fecha, la privatización ha dependido de negociaciones entre las autoridades estatales y locales para permitir que el capital privado resuelva los problemas del abastecimiento de agua. Se ha llegado a acuerdos de ese tipo en tos estados de Espíritu Santo y Mato Grosso do Sul, pero en las densas zonas urbanas de Brasil, donde hay mucho más en juego, la discordia política...
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