Revolutionary C[O.sub.2] maps zoom in on sources.

• Position: Greenhouse Gases

A new, high-resolution, interactive map of carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels has found that they are not all where we thought. "For example, we've been attributing too many emissions to the northeastern United States, and it's looking like the southeastern U.S. is a much larger source than we had estimated previously," points out Kevin Gurney, an assistant professor of earth and atmospheric science at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind.

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The maps and system, called Vulcan--named after the Roman god of fire--show C[O.sub.2] emissions at more than 100 times more detail than was available before. Until now, data on carbon dioxide was reported, in the best cases, monthly at the level of an entire state. The Vulcan model examines C[O.sub.2] at local levels on an hourly basis. Researchers indicate that the maps also are more accurate than previous data because they are based on greenhouse gas emissions instead of estimates based on population in areas of the U.S.

To create the Vulcan maps, the research team developed a method to extract the C[O.sub.2] information by transforming data on local air pollution, such as carbon monoxide and nitrous oxide emissions, which are tracked by the Environmental Protection Agency...