REGIONAL ELECTRICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS AS A POWER SOURCE FOR MINING PROJECTS (SPANISH)

• Jurisdiction: Derecho Internacional

Mining and Oil and Gas Law, Development, and Investment - Book 2
(Apr 2007)
CHAPTER 12B
REGIONAL ELECTRICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS AS A POWER SOURCE FOR MINING PROJECTS (SPANISH)
Carlos Bastos
Energy Consultant
Former Secretary of Energy of Argentina
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Juan Bosch
Attorney
Estudio Bosch - Abogados
Buenos Aires, Argentina

CARLOS BASTOS

Carlos Manuel Bastos earned his Electrical & Electronic Engineering degree in 1974 from the Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, and Major on Environmental Energy Economy in 1979 from the Instituto de Investigaciones Energéticas (Bariloche Foundation). Since December 2001, he has done independent Consultant advising and supporting several companies regarding the new scenario in the Argentine energy sector, especially in regulatory changes, prices, and fares. He prepared various reports and essays regarding the current Argentine energy crisis and how to avoid or diminish its effects. These reports were prepared, among other industries and industrial chambers, for the "Asociación de Empresas Argentinas - AEA" and "Cámara de la Industria Aceitera - CIARA". In 2005 he was nominated and acted as Energy Expert in two different arbitration cases under International Trade Chamber rules. Between September and December 2004, he acted as Technical Expert designated by both the Peruvian Government and Transmantaro Company, to analyze and solve a legal dispute between them, relating to the transportation fares of the main electric transportation line in Perú. Since 2002 he has been an Expert Witness in six different claims against Argentina, under jurisdiction of the International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID). From March 2001 to December 2001, he was appointed as Minister of Infrastructure of Argentina. He was responsible for the planning, definition and execution of the governmental policies within the following areas: energy, transportation, communications and public works. The main goals to achieve in all these sectors were the introduction of competition and the enhancement of the role and participation of the private sector. In the 1990s, Mr. Bastos served as Secretary of Public Works and Services (Energy, Transport and Public Works); Secretary of Energy and Transport; Secretary of Energy and Communications; Secretary of Electricity Energy; and Subsecretary of Electricity Energy. Selected writing and publications include: "Regulations in Argentina" (IEERAL, Mediterranean Foundation); Chapter 6, "Deepening Competition in Electricity Energy"; "Reform of the Electric Power Sector in Argentina," co-authored with Manuel Angel Abdala, PhD (published in Spanish, 1993; updated, translated into English, and published, 1996, Editorial Distal, Buenos Aires, Argentina); Calculus Methodology of Power Generation Marginal Costs - work performed in collaboration with C.A Givogri and F.M Fornassari, and submitted at the Second Seminar on Electricity Tariffs, Medellín, Colombia, 1979, and granted by the World Bank.

JUAN BOSCH

Juan Bosch graduated with a Law degree from the University of Buenos Aires in 1997. He joined Estudio Bosch - Abogados as partner in the year 2000. He counsels in Public Energy Law specialising in Energy Law. He has practised law and counselled to clients involved in the Argentinean and Latin American Energy market. He has advised governmental bodies at National and Provincial levels on issues pertaining to the regulation of the Public Energy sector and Administrative Law. He has published various articles on his speciality, has taken part in congresses and has lectured in the Constitutional Law and Administrative Law Departments of the Buenos Aires Catholic University and the State University of Buenos Aires.

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Diapositiva 1

Regional Electrical Energy Systems as a Power Source for Mining Projects

April 18, 2007

Carlos M Bastos - Juan Bosch

Dispositiva 2

Transformación 1992

• Reorganización del Sector

• Privatización Empresas

□ AyEE

□ SEGBA

□ HIDRONOR

□ Provinciales (Siguieron el mismo esquema)

La transformación del sector llevada a cabo durante los noventa consistió en la reorganización del sector bajo un nuevo marco de regulación Ley 24065 y normas complementarias y la privatización de las empresas que eran propiedad del Estado. Las mostradas son las que pertenecían al ámbito nacional. Estas empresas se dividieron y crearon otras nuevas a partir de ellas con actividades específicas (generadoras, transportistas y distribuidoras)

Dispositiva 3

Reglas de Tarificación

• Precios Libres

□ El sistema aceptaba el acuerdo entre partes

• Tarifas reguladas para los pequeños consumidores

• Tf = Pm + VAD

• Asignación Costos según modalidad de consumo.

□ Suministro on BT, MT o AT

□ Consumo plco, fuera de pico

□ Variacionas estacionales.

En el pasado las empresas tenían tarifas específicas según el tipo o clase de consumidor, residencial, comercial, industrial, tarifas especiales, etc. En particular AyEE suministraba energía a empresas vinculadas a la actividad minera a tarifas subsidiadas. Pese a que, por parte de las mismas se presentó una gran resistencia a los cambios el abastecimiento a esas empresas fue transferido al mercado mayorista aunque se contempló un régimen de transición durante el que se quitaron los subsidios gradualmente. El esquema

[Page 12B-3]

económico elegido no tan sólo para el sector de energía sino para toda la economía era el de precios fijados libremente acordados por las condiciones de oferta y demanda y de promociones a ciertas actividades mediante reglas explícitas. Así para la minería se sancionó una ley específica que permite ventajas impositivas para la incorporación de bienes de capital. Ley 24196 que asegura estabilidad fiscal a la actividad además de dar ventajas en el tratamiento fiscal de las inversiones, el impuesto a las ganancias, etc. La política seguida para fijar las nuevas tarifas se basó en que las mismas debían reflejar los precios del mercado mayorista más los costos de...