Probable Cause and Reasonable Suspicion: Arrests, Seizures, Stops and Frisks

• Author: Deja Vishny
• Pages: 219-266

SUPPRESSING CRIMINAL EVIDENCE5-1 §5:02

CHAPTER 5: Probable Cause and Reasonable Suspicion: Arrests, Seizures, Stops

and Frisks

“ . . . no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause”

-The Fourth Amendment-

I. Probable Cause



  

              Brinegar v.

United States



Id

A. Probable Cause to Arrest

1. Governing Principles

§5:01 Gates Standard: Fair Probability Determined By Totality of Circumstances

   Draper v. United States     



   

Beck v. Ohio



Davis v. Mississippi

            

Illinois v. Gates

               

              



Brinegar v. United States,

Saucier v. Katz

The Gates               

              

   Henry v. U.S

 Beck v. Ohio       

  

State v. Repenshek

Alabama v. White

§5:02 Older Rule: Aguilar/Spinelli

    

     Aguilar/Spinelli  

      Gates See Aguilar v. Texas  

Spinelli v. United States    

                 

i.e 

GatesPeople v. Johnson



 5-2§5:03

§5:03 Warrantless Arrests



United States v. Watson

Michigan v. Summer

  

  

   Devenpeck v. Alford



Goddard v. Kelly

   

Ybarra v. Illinois

probable cause in Maryland v. Pringle

              



     

Atwater v. City of Lago Vista

      

Virginia v. Moore



        

      

       Whren v. United States

Arkansas v. Sullivan

WhrenState v. Sullivan

§5:04 Remedy for Unlawful Arrest

 

Whiteley v. Warden

See U.S. v. Crews

 

I.N.S. v. Lopez-Mendoza

    

        

    U.S. v. Alvarez-Machain  

 

Id



 See U.S. v. Matta-Ballesteros  United States v.

Noreiga

United States v. Lopez

Practice Point: Arrests across jurisdictional lines





      See,

e.g   





Miller v. Statetate v. Weidman

   

SUPPRESSING CRIMINAL EVIDENCE5-3 

    

See, e.g., Henderson v. State

See

2. Case Examples

§5:05 Probable Cause Found

        

        



• Drug Transactions          



Commonwealth v. ThompsonState

v. CastroDarling v. StateCommonwealth v. Kennedy,

  Revels v. State     



• Operating While Intoxicated          

    

State

v. Homan     

    Id State v. Pfaff



State v. Lange

  State v. Superior Court



• Drug Odors



   State v. Secrist

United States v. HumphriesPeople v. Vigil

          

Commonwealth v. Cruz

• Unlawful Possession of Alcohol by Underage Drinker      

        Zuniga v. State, 815



• Probable Cause by Association     

  

United States v. Romero

 United States v. Patrick, 

 

         

United States v. Martinez-Molina

§5:06 Probable Cause Not Found





•   



United States v. Collins

•      United States v.