Probable Cause and Reasonable Suspicion: Arrests, Seizures, Stops and Frisks

• Author: Deja Vishny
• Pages: 219-266

SUPPRESSING CRIMINAL EVIDENCE5-1§5:02

CHAPTER 5:Probable Cause and Reasonable Suspicion: Arrests, Seizures, Stops

and Frisks

“ . . . no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause”

-The Fourth Amendment-

I. Probable Cause





              Brinegar v.

United States



Id

A. Probable Cause to Arrest

1. Governing Principles

§5:01 Gates Standard: Fair Probability Determined By Totality of Circumstances

Draper v. United States





Beck v. Ohio



Davis v. Mississippi



Illinois v. Gates

               

              



Brinegar v. United States,

Saucier v. Katz

The Gates               



Henry v. U.S

Beck v. Ohio



State v. Repenshek

Alabama v. White

§5:02 Older Rule: Aguilar/Spinelli



Aguilar/Spinelli

GatesSee Aguilar v. Texas

Spinelli v. United States

                 

i.e

GatesPeople v. Johnson



 5-2§5:03

§5:03 Warrantless Arrests



United States v. Watson

Michigan v. Summer





Devenpeck v. Alford



Goddard v. Kelly



Ybarra v. Illinois

probable cause in Maryland v. Pringle







Atwater v. City of Lago Vista



Virginia v. Moore







Whren v. United States

Arkansas v. Sullivan

WhrenState v. Sullivan

§5:04 Remedy for Unlawful Arrest



Whiteley v. Warden

See U.S. v. Crews



I.N.S. v. Lopez-Mendoza





U.S. v. Alvarez-Machain



Id



See U.S. v. Matta-BallesterosUnited States v.

Noreiga

United States v. Lopez

Practice Point: Arrests across jurisdictional lines





See,

e.g





Miller v. Statetate v. Weidman



SUPPRESSING CRIMINAL EVIDENCE5-3



See, e.g., Henderson v. State

See

2. Case Examples

§5:05 Probable Cause Found







• Drug Transactions



Commonwealth v. ThompsonState

v. CastroDarling v. StateCommonwealth v. Kennedy,

Revels v. State



• Operating While Intoxicated          



State

v. Homan

IdState v. Pfaff



State v. Lange

State v. Superior Court



• Drug Odors



State v. Secrist

United States v. HumphriesPeople v. Vigil



Commonwealth v. Cruz

• Unlawful Possession of Alcohol by Underage Drinker

Zuniga v. State, 815



• Probable Cause by Association



United States v. Romero

United States v. Patrick, 





United States v. Martinez-Molina

§5:06 Probable Cause Not Found





• 



United States v. Collins

• United States v.