Prior convictions of separate offenses

• Author: Paul Burglin/Barry Simons/Ed Kuwatch
• Pages: 271-313

PRIOR CONVICTIONS OF

SEPARATE OFFENSES

4-1

CHAPTER 4

PRIOR CONVICTIONS OF

SEPARATE OFFENSES

§4:10 MOTION TO DECLARE PRIOR CONVICTION UNCONSTITUTIONAL

§4:12 General Information

§4:12.1 Legal Framework

§4:12.2 Procedural Requirements and Limitations

§4:12.3 Burden of Proof on Defendant

§4:12.4 Not a Trial Motion

§4:12.5 Uncharged Convictions

§4:12.6 Three-Strikes Prior Convictions

§4:12.7 Constitutionality of Out-of-State Convictions

§4:13 The Record

§4:13.1 Getting the Record From the Rendering Court

§4:13.2 Checking the Record

§4:14 Allegation in Support

§4:14.1 Serve Five Days Before Hearing

§4:14.2 No Advice, Knowledge or Waiver

§4:14.3 Silent Record Can Show Lack of Actual Waiver

§4:14.4 Prejudice

§4:14.5 Client’s Recollection and Testimony

§4:14.6 Defendant’s Declaration Not Required

§4:14.7 Form for Allegation in Support

§4:14.8 Form for Alternative Allegation in Support

§4:15 Notice; General Points and Authorities

§4:15.1 No Advice, Knowledge or Waiver of Constitutional Rights

§4:15.2 No Verbatim Record

§4:15.3 No Inquiry and Finding That Rights Waiver

Was Knowing, Voluntary and Intelligent

§4:15.4 Constitutional Invalidity Order

§4:16 Other Possible Grounds for Motion

§4:16.1 Judge’s Conf‌lict of Interest

§4:16.2 Failure to Advise of Consequences: Future Use, Punishment and

Suspension/Revocation

§4:16.3 Right to Testify and Present Evidence

§4:16.4 Plea and Sentence Involving Commissioner or Pro-Tem Judge

§4:16.5 Involuntary Plea Induced by Illegal Threats

§4:16.6 Unlicensed Counsel

§4:16.7 Denial of Interpreter

PRIOR CONVICTIONS OF

SEPARATE OFFENSES

California Drunk Driving Law 4-2

§4:16.8 Advice to Aliens

§4:16.9 Double Jeopardy Violations

§4:16.10 Advice of Dangers and Disadvantages of Self-Representation

§4:16.11 Miscellaneous Issues

§4:17 Challenge to Grant or Denial of Motion

§4:17.1 By Defendant

§4:17.2 By Prosecution

§4:20 PRIOR CONVICTION SENTENCE ENHANCEMENT LAW IN GENERAL

§4:21 Right to Jury or Court Trial

§4:21.1 Challenging Out-of-State Priors at Trial

§4:21.2 Authentication of Out-Of-State Records of Prior Convictions

§4:22 Erroneous DMV Record of Prior Conviction

§4:23 Ten Years or Less Between Offense Dates

§4:23.1 Measured From Offense Date to Offense Date

§4:23.2 Prior Convictions and Separate Offenses

§4:23.3 What’s a “Year?”

§4:24 What Can Be Alleged as a Prior Conviction Sentence Enhancement?

§4:24.1 Offense Within Ten Years of Current Offense

§4:24.2 Juvenile “Conviction” (Adjudication)

§4:24.3 Federal Conviction

§4:24.4 Reckless Driving Conviction

§4:24.5 Uncounseled Conviction Alleged to Make Current Offense a Felony

§4:24.6 Drunk Boating Conviction

§4:24.7 Uncharged Prior Convictions and Pending Charges

§4:24.7.1 Amending Complaint To Allege Prior Conviction

§4:24.7.2 Amending Complaint To Allege Other Pending DUI

Charge

§4:24.8 Expungement Under PC §§1203.4 and 1203.4a

§4:24.9 Constitutionality Previously Determined

§4:24.10 Truth Previously Determined

§4:24.11 Conviction for Offense That Occurred After Current Offense

§4:24.12 Out-of-State Conviction

§4:25 Future Use of Conviction for Enhancement

§4:25.1 Need Not Advise at Time of Guilty Plea

§4:25.2 Increase in Enhancement Severity

§4:25.3 Striking Strike Prior for Sentencing Doesn’t Affect §4019 Credits

§4:30 MOTION TO VACATE JUDGMENT; WRIT OF ERROR CORAM NOBIS

PRIOR CONVICTIONS OF

SEPARATE OFFENSES

4-3 Prior Convictions of Separate Offenses §4:12

This chapter covers motions and general topics concerning sentence enhancement allegations of prior convictions

of separate offenses. See §4:23.2 regarding use of the phrases separate offense and prior conviction.

See §9:100 regarding trial, jury instructions and proof of prior conviction sentence enhancement allegations.

See §10:23 regarding punishment resulting from prior convictions.

See §11:12 and §11:166 regarding Stop ‘n Snatch suspension and revocation consequences resulting from

prior convictions.

§4:10 MOTION TO DECLARE PRIOR CONVICTION UNCONSTITUTIONAL

§4:12 General Information

§4:12.1 Legal Framework

Ιτ ισ ηελπφυλ το αν υνδερστανδινγ οφ τηε λαω ρελατεδ το µοτιονσ το στρικε πριορ χονϖιχτιονσ φορ υνχονστιτυτιοναλιτψ

το κνοω τηατ συχη λαω ισ διϖιδεδ ιντο τηρεε χατεγοριεσ:

1. Λαω ρελατεδ το τηε προχεδυρεσ τηατ µυστ βε φολλοωεδ ιν τηε τακινγ οφ γυιλτψ πλεασ;

2. Λαω ρελατεδ το τηε τψπε οφ ρεχορδσ τηατ µυστ βε κεπτ το ινδιχατε τηατ τηε προχεδυρεσ ωερε φολλοωεδ; ανδ,

3. Λαω ρελατεδ το τηε προχεδυρεσ το φολλοω φορ τηε µοτιον ιτσελφ.

§4:12.2 Procedural Requirements and Limitations

People v. Coey (1967) 67 Χαλ.2δ 204, ηελδ δεφενδαντσ µαψ χολλατεραλλψ ατταχκ α πριορ χονϖιχτιον ιν α πενδινγ

Coey





χονστιτυτιοναλ γρουνδσ.

Γαρχια ϖ. Συπεριορ Χουρτ (1997) 14 Χαλ.4τη 953, ηελδ δεφενδαντσ µαψ νοτ µοϖε το στρικε α πριορ χονϖιχτιον



Πεοπλε ϖ. Βεχητολ

Γαρχια

Βεχητολ Χουρτ ωασ βασεδ ον αν αναλψσισ οφ τηε λεγισλατιϖε

ηιστορψ οφ τηε στατυτε (ιτ ωασ εναχτεδ το τηωαρτ α τενδενχψ οφ τριαλ χουρτσ το στρικε πριορ χονϖιχτιονσ ϕυστ το ηελπ

ρεσολϖε χυρρεντ χασεσ, ανδ, τηυσ, τηε στατυτε σετσ φορτη προχεδυραλ ρυλεσ φορ δοινγ σο ασ οπποσεδ το προϖιδινγ νεω

ριγητσ). Νοτωιτηστανδινγ Coey

ασσιστανχε οφ χουνσελ, τηε προχεδυρε φορ δοινγ σο ισ ωιτη α πετιτιον φορ ωριτ οφ ηαβεασ χορπυσ ιν τηατ αχτιον. Ιφ ιτ ισ ον



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τηε χονστιτυτιοναλιτψ οφ τηε χονϖιχτιον. Ιτ φυρτηερ προϖιδεσ τηατ α χονϖιχτιον φουνδ υνχονστιτυτιοναλ µαψ νοτ βε



   







τηε χονστιτυτιοναλιτψ οφ τηε χονϖιχτιον. Ιτ φυρτηερ προϖιδεσ τηατ α χονϖιχτιον φουνδ υνχονστιτυτιοναλ µαψ νοτ βε



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