Libertad corporal.
Author | Epstein, Jack |
Position | TT: Corporal freedom. |
La presión política podría afectar la planificación familiar en México.
La fundación David y Lucile Packard, de Silicon Valley, gastará este año US$44 millones en programas de planificación familiar en siete economías emergentes, incluidos US$6 millones en México. La fundación sabe bien que el control demográfico es vital para salir de la pobreza. Pero me preocupa que el nuevo gobierno de Vicente Fox, católico devoto y enemigo del aborto, desbarate el exitoso programa de planificación familiar de México.
Los resultados han sido asombrosos: en 1970, las mexicanas tenían un promedio de 6,6 hijos, una de las tasas más altas del mundo. Hoy, el índice es de 2,5 hijos, por debajo del promedio mundial.
La postura gubernamental nació de una triste realidad: la contaminación de la Ciudad de México, la destrucción del entorno y la pobreza son productos de la superpoblación. No es coincidencia que las dos naciones de América con los índices más bajos de control de la natalidad sean las dos más pobres: Bolivia y Haití. La planificación familiar reduce la mortalidad infantil, mejora la salud de las madres y alivia la presión sobre los servicios de educación, atención médica, vivienda, agua potable, sanidad y los empleos.
Prácticamente los 31 estados de México tienen legalizado el aborto en caso de violación o si la vida de la madre está en peligro. Pero como el aborto por otras razones no está contemplada en la ley, en México se practican casi un millón de abortos ilegales al año, en condiciones inseguras. Unas mil mexicanas mueren todos los años por esta razón, lo que convierte al aborto en la cuarta causa de muerte en el país.
En 1970, cuando la población mexicana crecía el doble cada 20 años, sólo un 10% de las parejas usaba alguna forma de control de la natalidad. En 1974, el presidente Luis Echeverría creó clínicas estatales de planificación familiar.
Hoy, México tiene 100 millones de habitantes, todavía demasiados para la mayoría de los ingresos familiares, pero 48 millones menos que los proyectados en 1970. Las familias más pequeñas benefician a la economía mexicana...
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