Liberar el potencial humano: lo que debe hacer América Latina para encarar los retos de desarrollar su talento en la "Human Age".
Author | Flores, M |
[ILUSTRACIÓN OMITIR]
Uno de los retos más importantes en Latinoamérica es el de capital humano.
Por un lado, según datos de la OIT, la tasa de desempleo juvenil en 2013 fue de 14,5 por ciento. Paradójicamente, de acuerdo a la Encuesta de Escasez de Talento Manpower, el 39 por ciento de los empleadores de la región dijo tener dificultades para cubrir vacantes durante el mismo periodo. Esto es una característica de "Human Age", una era donde la única certidumbre es la incertidumbre y en la que el talento es el mayor agente del crecimiento económico.
La brecha entre la oferta y la demanda de talento se debe a varios factores. Los programas educativos actuales no responden a las necesidades del mercado laboral. En muchos aspectos son obsoletos ya que no se enfocan en la formación de las competencias y habilidades que se requieren para ser un talento atractivo y competitivo en el mundo del trabajo formal. Se sigue un modelo de enseñanza centrada en el maestro, priorizando el aprendizaje de memoria en lugar de fomentar en los alumnos la capacidad de análisis, de síntesis, el razonamiento lógico-matemático, etc. "Mientras que 72 por ciento de las instituciones educativas considera que sus recién graduados están listos para trabajar, sólo 42 por ciento y 45 por ciento de los empleadores y graduados, respectivamente, consideran que han sido preparados adecuadamente", dice el estudio "Simplificarpara triunfar en Human Age", del ManpowerGroup.
En el corto plazo debe haber un diálogo entre las instituciones educativas y las empresas para formar a los jóvenes en las competencias que se requieren actualmente como: dominar un segundo idioma (inglés), resolución de problemas, habilidades de trabajo en equipo, de innovación y, sobre todo, aprender a aprender. Cambiar los programas de educación hoy implica que veremos resultados en los siguientes 15 ó 20 años, pero es un paso indispensable para garantizar contar con el talento que...
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