Key genetic finding for autism.

• Position: Human Genome

The preliminary results from the largest genome scan ever conducted in autism research reveals the discovery of a previously unidentified region of chromosome 11, and neurexin 1, a member of a family of genes believed to be important in neuronal contact and communication. The neurexin finding highlights a special group of neurons, called glutamate neurons, and the genes affecting their development and function, suggesting they play a critical role in autism spectrum disorders.

This research was performed by more than 120 scientists from over 50 institutions representing 19 nations who formed a first-of-its-kind autism genetics consortium, the Autism Genome Project. Participating from the University of Iowa, Iowa City, were Thomas Wassink, associate professor in the Department of Psychiatry, and Val Sheffield, professor in the Department of Pediatrics and a specialist with Children's Hospital of Iowa.

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"This is exciting news because we have now narrowed the search area on the human genome. The neurexin finding, in particular, has emerged from contributions made by the Iowa autism research team, and we are spearheading the neurexin follow-up work. We thus have a much better idea...