ISSN Page

Published date01 September 2020
Date01 September 2020
DOIhttp://doi.org/10.1111/joca.12257
Disclaimer The Publisher, The American Council on Consumer Interests and Editors cannot be held responsible for errors
or any consequences arising from the use of information contained in this journal; the views and opinions expressed do
not necessarily reect those of the Publisher, The American Council on Consumer Interests and Editors, neither does the
publication of advertisements constitute anyendorsement by the Publisher, The American Council on Consumer Interests and
Editors of the products advertised.
Copyrightand Copying (in any format) © 2020 The American Council on Consumer Interests. All rights reserved. No part of
this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing
from the copyright holder. Authorization to photocopy items for internal and personal use is granted by the copyrightholder
for libraries and other users registered with their local Reproduction Rights Organisation (RRO), e.g. Copyright Clearance
Center (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers,MA 01923, USA (www.copyright.com), provided the appropriate fee is paid
directly to the RRO. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying such as copying for general distribution, for
advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collectiveworks or for resale. Special requests should be addressed to:
PermissionsUK@wiley.com
Information for subscribers The Journal of Consumer Affairs is published quarterly.Institutional subscription prices for
2020 are:
Online: US$786 (US), US$1427 (Rest of World), €930 (Europe),£734 (UK). Prices are exclusive of tax. Asia-Pacic GST,
Canadian GST/HST and European VAT will be applied at the appropriate rates. For more information on current tax rates,
please go to https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/library-info/products/price-lists/payment. The price includes online access to the
current and all online back les to January 1st 2016, where available. For other pricing options, including access information
and terms and conditions, please visit https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/library-info/products/price-lists.
Termsof use can be found here: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/terms- and-conditions.
Back issues: Single issues from current and recent volumes are available at the current single issue price from
cs-journals@wiley.com. Earlier issues may be obtained from Periodicals Service Company, 351 Fairview Avenue- Ste 300,
Hudson, NY 12534, USA. Tel:+1 518 822-9300, Fax: +1 518 822-9305, Email: psc@periodicals.com
TheJournal of Consumer Affairs (0022-0078) is published four times per year on behalf of The American Council on Consumer
Interests by Wiley Periodicals LLC,111 River St., Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774.
Publisher The Journal of Consumer Affairsis published by Wiley Periodicals LLC, 101 Station Landing, Suite 300 Medford,
MA 02155, (781) 388-8200.
Journal Customer Services: For ordering information, claims and any inquiry concerning your journal subscription please
go to https://hub.wiley.com/community/support/onlinelibrary or contact your nearest ofce.
Americas: Email: cs-journals@wiley.com;Tel: +1 781 388 8598 or +1 800 835 6770 (toll free in the USA & Canada).
Europe, Middle East and Africa: Email: cs-journals@wiley.com;Tel: +44 (0) 1865 778315.
Asia Pacic: Email: cs-journals@wiley.com;Tel: +65 6511 8000.
Japan: For Japanese speaking support, Email: cs-japan@wiley.com;
Visit our Online Customer Get-Help availablein 7 languages at https://hub.wiley.com/community/support/onlinelibrary
Production Editor: Kiran Kumar (JOCA@wiley.com)
OnlineOpen The Journal of Consumer Affairs accepts articles for Open Access publication. Please visit https://authorservices.
wiley.com/author-resources/Journal-Authors/open- access/onlineopen.html for further information about OnlineOpen.
Access to this journal is available free online within institutions in the developing world through the AGORA initia-
tive with the FAO, the HINARI initiative with the WHO and the OARE initiative with UNEP. For information, visit
www.aginternetwork.org,www.who.int/hinari/en/, www.oarescience.org
Wiley is a founding member of the UN-backed HINARI,AGORA, and OARE initiatives. They are now collectively known
as Research4Life, making online scientic content available free or at nominal cost to researchers in developing countries.
Please visit Wiley’sContent Access - Corporate Citizenship site: http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-390082.html
ISSN 0022-0078 (Print) ISSN 1754-6606 (Online).
Viewthis journal online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/joca
For submission instructions, subscription and all other information visit: www.wileyonlinelibrary.com.

Get this document and AI-powered insights with a free trial of vLex and Vincent AI

Get Started for Free

Start Your Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

Start Your Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

Start Your Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

Start Your Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

Start Your Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex

Start Your Free Trial of vLex and Vincent AI, Your Precision-Engineered Legal Assistant

  • Access comprehensive legal content with no limitations across vLex's unparalleled global legal database

  • Build stronger arguments with verified citations and CERT citator that tracks case history and precedential strength

  • Transform your legal research from hours to minutes with Vincent AI's intelligent search and analysis capabilities

  • Elevate your practice by focusing your expertise where it matters most while Vincent handles the heavy lifting

vLex