Index

• Jurisdiction: Maryland

Index

A

Abutting Land Owners.....................................109

Accident Reconstruction

Speed of vehicle, determining........................174

Actual Malice

Punitive damages, standard for..............248-251

Addiction Treatment.........................................188

Agency

Contribution rights ........................................... 25

Employers as agents.......................................227

Indemnity rights...............................................25

Owners of vehicles ................................... 20, 227

Spouses...........................................................227

Alcohol

Driving under the influence of. see Driving

Under the Influence/Driving While

Impaired...................................................194

Serving, liability for.......................................230

Allocution.........................................................192

Ambulances. See Emergency

Vehicles....................................................87, 164

Animals

Animal-drawn vehicles..........................124-125

Animals ridden by people ......................124-125

Duty of driver to report accidents..................128

Estrays ....................................................126-127

Generally........................................................124

Livestock....................................47-48, 125-126

Persons riding animals ...........................124-125

Removal from roadway ..................................127

Reporting of accidents ...................................128

Resources on accidents with ..........................128

Single vehicle accidents ............................. 47-48

State Highway Administration, removal

from roadway by......................................127

Straying animals.....................................126-127

Vehicles drawn by animals .................... 124-125

Appeals

Vehicular crimes ............................................ 193

Artificial Intelligence

Autonomous vehicles. See Autonomous

Vehicles .....................................................318

Defined...........................................................313

Assumption of Risk

Contributory negligence compared ................. 14

Occurrence of ............................................. 14-15

Assumption of Risk (cont.)

Passengers..............................................227-228

Single vehicle accidents, as defense to............47

Atmospheric Conditions

Speed of vehicle..............................................170

Attorney-Client Privilege

Sentencing......................................................192

Attorneys' Fees

Liability insurance company's duty

to defend...................................................276

Personal injury protection claims..................304

Autocycles

Defined...........................................................131

Autonomous Vehicles

AI-chaperone liability.............................312-313

Artificial intelligence

AI-chaperone liability......................312-313

Defined....................................................313

Delaware, approach of.....................................318

Development of technology

Levels of automation................................311

Manufacturers...........................................311

Maryland, initiatives in............................317

Federal regulation, lack of...............................314

Initiatives in Maryland for development

of technology............................................317

Insurance

Effect on............................................313-314

Maryland legislation, proposed................316

Levels of automation.......................................311

Liability for accidents

AI-chaperone liability......................312-313

Approaches of states................................313

Generally..................................................312

State legislation........................................313

Manufacturers developing..............................311

Maryland Connected and Automated

Vehicle Strategic Framework...................315

Maryland Department of Transportation,

regulation by.............................................315

Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration,

approach of................................................317

New Jersey, approach of..................................318

Regulation of

Delaware...................................................318

Federal regulation, lack of........................314

Legislation, proposed...............................316

Autonomous Vehicles (cont.)

Maryland Department of

Transportation.......................................315

Maryland legislation, proposed................316

Maryland Motor Vehicle

Administration, approach of................317

New Jersey................................................318

Potential future regulation........................316

Safe Autonomous Vehicle

Act (SAVE) Act.....................................316

States, by...................................314-315, 318

Virginia.....................................................318

West Virginia............................................318

Safe Autonomous Vehicle Act (SAVE)

Act.............................................................316

Stages of automation.......................................311

Virginia, approach of......................................318

West Virginia, approach of.............................318

B

Bad Faith Claims

Liability insurance.................................280-281

Uninsured motorist coverage. see

Uninsured Motorist Coverage.................308

Bailee

Passenger as....................................................229

Bicycles

Basic rules for..........................................114-115

Defined...........................................................133

Drivers sharing road with bicyclists,

rights and duties of..................................136

Electric bicycle, defined.................................133

Electric low speed scooter, defined...............134

Equipment requirements................................134

Moped, defined..............................................134

Operators, rights and duties of................135-136

Passing..............................................................63

Public bicycle area..........................................134

Rights and duties

Drivers sharing road with

bicyclists..............................................136

Operators..........................................135-136

Rules of the road......................................135-136

Scooter, electric low speed.............................134

Sharing road with bicyclists, rights and

duties of drivers.......................................136

Blood Alcohol Levels...............................187-189

Bodily Injury

Liability insurance.........................................271

Uninsured motorist coverage.........................289

Boulevard Rule

Applicability..........................................31, 33-34

Cases

Categories of..............................................34

Principles emerging from....................34-35

Evolution of................................................32-33

Highways, vehicles entering............................39

Nonapplicability of...........................................36

Outside intersection, collisions occurring.......35

Principles emerging from cases.................34-35

Purpose.............................................................32

Through-highways, vehicles entering..............39

Brake Lights........................................................72

Brakes

Parked vehicles...............................................206

Rear end accidents, failure as defense to.........52

Breath Test. see Driving Under the

Influence/Driving While Impaired...............194

Buses

Commercial driver's license requirement......139

Defined...........................................................139

Disabled vehicles, warning devises for...........74

Duty of care. See Common Carriers..............164

Equipment requirements................................140

Insurance requirements..........................139-140

License requirements.............................139-140

Operation of vehicle, requirements for..........140

School buses. See School Vehicles................164

C

Caps on Non-Economic Damages....244-245, 259

Car Sharing Programs

Agreement, requirements for.........................163

Car sharing delivery period, defined.............162

Car sharing period, defined...........................162

Car sharing termination time, defined..........162

Defined...........................................................162

Delivery period, defined................................162

Duties of owner..............................................163

Duties of program...................................162-163

Graves Amendment........................................164

Insurance requirements..................................163

Liability issues................................................164

Owner, duties of.............................................163

Period for sharing, defined.............................162

Program agreement, requirements for...........163

Program, duties of...................................162-163

Replacement vehicle, shared

vehicle as..................................................162

Termination time, defined..............................162

Cause of Action

Establishing........................................................3

Charging Documents........................................179

Children

Contributory negligence............................13-14

"Darting child" as pedestrian................122-124

Circuit Court

Appeals from..................................................193

Circumstantial Evidence

Social media content......................................324

Speeding..................................................171-172

Citations

Minor...