Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations Used

• Author: Katherine H Woodcock; W Gregory Voss
• Pages: 221-230

221

ACB: anticorruption and antibribery.

Adequacy: a proper level of protection of personal data of EU residents offered by

the data protection laws of a Third Country.

Adequacy determination: a determination by the Commission and/or the Council,

as the case may be, of the adequacy of a Third Country’s data protection laws,

thus allowing cross-border transfers of personal data to such Third Country. See

Chapter 3 Section III.A.

Ad hoc data transfer agreements: agreements between an entity and an EU Member

State, whereby the entity provides adequate safeguards with respect to the protec-

tion of personal data and privacy in order to obtain Member State prior authoriza-

tion of a transfer or set of transfers of personal data to a Third Country that does

not benet from an adequacy determination. See Chapter 3 Section III.B.4.

AML: anti-money laundering/counterterrorist nancing.

AML Directive: Directive 2005/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Coun-

cil of 26 October 2005 on the prevention of the use of the nancial system for the

purpose of money laundering and terrorist nancing. See Chapter 5, note 34.

Anonymization: rendering data anonymous in such a way that the data subject is no

longer identiable, so that the data are no longer considered personal data and the

Directive no longer applies. See Chapter 7 Section IV.C.

Article 26(1) Exemptions: derogations contained in Article 26(1) of the Directive

(and in Article 44 of the GDPR) from the principle that a determination of the

adequacy of data protection of a Third Country is necessary in order to allow

cross-border transfers of data to that country. See Chapter 3, Section III.C.

BCRs: binding corporate rules.

Behavioral advertising: advertising that is based on the observation of the individuals’

behavior over time, in order to study its characteristics through the individuals’

actions, so as to develop a specic prole for each of the individuals and then provide

them with advertising tailored to them. See Chapter 6 Section II.D.; see also WP 171.

Berlin Group: the International Working Group on Data Protection in Telecommu-

nications. Also known as IWGDPT.

Big data: deals with private industry use of massive amounts of data for various pur-

poses including predictive ones based on correlations observed in the data. See

Chapter 7 Section IV.A.

Appendix C

Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations Used

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