Alto el fuego: llega la paz a la palestra mexicana de las telecomunicaciones.
Author | Tegel, Simeon |
Position | Conexion |
TRAS AÑOS DE CONTIENDA, LA TELEFÓNICA MEXIcana Telmex ha abierto el mercado de línea fija a la competencia. Queda por ver si las nuevas empresas Avantel y Alestra pueden aprovechar el esperado cambio. Van a oponerse a Carlos Slim Helú, el hombre más rico de América Latina y el accionista controlador del antiguo monopolio telefónico estatal.
Algunos esperan que Telmex sufra ahora que por fin ha abierto el mercado mexicano de US$5.700 millones anuales a Avantel, propiedad parcial de MCI WorldCom, y a Alestra, propiedad parcial de AT&T. Según el acuerdo sellado a principios de 2001, Avantel y Alestra también le pagarán a Telmex US$137 millones en cuotas de conexión no pagadas.
Las recién llegadas ven una rendija en la coraza del gigante: clientes descontentos. "Es atroz. Telmex ha tenido un monopolio durante mucho tiempo, y se ve", se queja Antonio Navarro, un empresario de la capital.
Los ejecutivos de Avantel y Alestra aprovecharán la débil imagen de su rival, aunque no será fácil: el reconocimiento nacional de Telmex es similar al de Coca-Cola. En Chile, donde en 1988 se trató de abrir el mercado mediante la competencia, el antiguo coloso estatal CTC, hoy propiedad de Telefónica, de España, sigue en su trono, con el 82% de las líneas en servicio.
Avantel pronostica que puede arrebatarle el 20% de las llamadas locales a Telmex en el primer año. Juntas, Avantel y Alestra ya han captado casi el 30% del mercado de larga distancia desde que se abrió hace tres años, y los analistas esperan que la hazaña se repita en la telefonía local.
La competencia golpea a Telmex en ambos lados de la frontera. WorldCom y Telmex acordaron recientemente fijar la tarifa que Worldcom le paga a Telmex por completar llamadas de Estados Unidos a México en 10 centavos por minuto para 2003, por debajo de los actuales 19 centavos. Pero AT&T dice que 10 centavos es demasiado. El gobierno mexicano también ha iniciado conversaciones para abrir el servicio telefónico de línea fija a empresas extranjeras.
Entretanto, en México, Avantel y Alestra...
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