FilantropÃa de alto impacto en acción: sacar a los más pobres de la pobreza.
[ILUSTRACIÓN OMITIR]
Más del 20 por ciento de la población mundial vive con menos US$1,25 por día. Enfermedades, catástrofes naturales y crisis económicas mantienen a muchas familias en un ciclo perpetuo de extrema pobreza. Empresas y particulares pueden ayudar a las familias más pobres a dar el primer paso hacia la autosuficiencia mediante el respaldo al "modelo de graduación".
A diferencia de las microfinanzas, que apuntan a personas que tienen una fuente de ingreso, el modelo de graduación trabaja con los más pobres de los pobres mediante el aporte de bienes productivos, capacitación y redes que los ayudan a generar una fuente de ingresos y a mejorar su bienestar.
El modelo de graduación, que introdujo la organización sin fines de lucro de Bangladesh BRAC, se ha adaptado a muchos lugares. Por ejemplo, en Haití, Fonkoze's Chemen Lavi Miyò (CLM)--"Camino a una vida mejor"--es un programa de transferencia de bienes de 18 meses que proporciona a mujeres en extremo pobres bienes físicos productivos (como cabras y pollos!; contribuye a la capacitación y generación de confianza; las conecta con redes sociales; y les brinda acceso a servicios de salud.
Un reciente estudio de programas similares en seis países determinó que el programa mejoró la seguridad económica entre quienes participaron, como surgió a través de un mayor consumo, seguridad alimentaria, bienes e ingresos. Esas pruebas de una mayor seguridad económica persistieron incluso después de finalizado el programa. Por otra parte, en cinco de esos seis países estudiados, los beneficios del...
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