Encroachment on Navigational Freedoms

• Author: Raul (Pete) Pedrozo
• Position: Captain, JAGC, US Navy
• Pages: 85-96

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Encroachment on Navigational Freedoms

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Raul (Pete) Pedrozo*

Introduction

was asked to address the following four questions:

•Will there be increasing environmentally oriented measures adopted at the

International Maritime Organization (IMO) that will encroach on navigational

freedoms?

•Will there be increasing coastal State efforts to regulate military- related

activities in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ), citing environmental concerns?

•Will excessive coastal State claims continue to proliferate driven primarily

by resource needs?

•Will continental shelf disputes proliferate as nations attempt to make broad

margin claims beyond 200 nautical miles (nm)?

Ibelieve the unfortunate answer to all four of these questions is most definitely

"yes," and will cite anumber of examples supporting my concerns.

IMO Environmental Measures

My criticism of the IMO1in this article is not intended to disparage all the great

work the IMO has done over the past five decades to improve safety at sea and

*Captain, JAGC, US Navy. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not

represent the official views of the United States government, the Department of Defense or

United States Pacific Command.