La economía naranja.
Author | Moreno, Alvaro |
Position | La industria cultural en Am |
Las industrias culturales son un componente importante de la economía por su impulso a la innovación y al desarrollo. En América Latina este conjunto de actividades produce US$175.000 millones anuales.
Entre el 6,1 por ciento y el 7,3 por ciento del Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) mundial es producido por las industrias culturales, según estimativos del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) y la Unesco. La economía naranja, como la denominó recientemente el BID, genera una alta tasa de crecimiento del PIB, agrega valor al producto del país y es un importante generador de empleo.
[ILUSTRACIÓN OMITIR]
En Latinoamérica el sector produce US$175.000 millones anuales, poco más del 10 por ciento de lo que representan dichas actividades en la economía estadounidense, pero casi dos veces lo que producen en un país como Canadá, cuna del Cirque du Soleil, el referente global de los negocios creativos. En Brasil, el sector es ligeramente superior a las exportaciones venezolanas de petróleo.
Es además el responsable de 23,3 millones de empleos en las Américas (10,3 millones de ellos en América Latina y el Caribe) y, a nivel global, el número de puestos de trabajo que genera es casi tan grande como toda la fuerza laboral de Estados Unidos. Uno de cada diez empleos en Buenos Aires pertenece a las industrias culturales y creativas y el sector aporta el 3,8 por ciento del PIB del país austral. En México dicha contribución alcanza el 4,8 por ciento del PIB.
Si este sector en Latinoamérica y el Caribe fuera un país tendría el mismo tamaño de la economía peruana (US$177.000 millones), exportaría tanto como Panamá (US$21.600 millones) y emplearía tanta gente como lo hacen hoy las economías de El Salvador, Guatemala y Honduras juntas (11,5 millones de trabajadores).
La economía naranja, según el BID, está definida por la zona en la que confluyen tres elementos esenciales: primero, su materia prima...
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