Cuba's lessons in economic hardship.

• Position: Worldview - Brief article

There are two Cubas--one for Cubans, one for outsiders--that coexist but do not mix, and this explains how the Cuban culture we do not see was critical in sustaining the Fidel Castro regime while other socialist counties collapsed, according to Henry Louis Taylor, professor of urban and regional planning at the University at Buffalo (N.Y.) and author of Inside El Barrio: A Bottom Up View of Neighborhood Life in Castro's Cuba. The book offers insights into the bottom-up, neighborhood-based participatory democracy that helped support Castro's regime.

Because he knew many Cubans well and could pass for Cuban himself, Taylor was able to conduct extensive research in Havana neighborhoods during the final and most complex era in Castro's dictatorship: Periodo Especial (Special Period), during which Castro called upon the masses to prepare for a sustained period of hard times.

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Taylor found two Cubas: one, the simplified one-dimensional Cuba that many people "discover" through tourism or from the writings of political propagandists of an anti-Castro bent. "The other," Taylor...