Consecuencias imprevistas: La caida del sector empresarial brasileno.
Author | Casanova, Lourdes |
En mercados emergentes volatiles como los paises de America Latina, caracterizados por fluctuaciones monetarias e inestabilidad politica, se necesita mucho tiempo para construir empresas globales que sean iconos de la nacion.
Mientras los politicos y empresarios latinoamericanos contienen la respiracion a la espera de la proxima lista de pesos pesados implicados en los audios del "lava jato", grandes referentes corporativos brasilenos siguen cayendo como piezas de domino.
Todo empezo con la poderosa y reverenciada Petrobras, una de las primeras empresas en ser incluidas en el indice de Sustentabilidad de Dow Jones, del que fue expulsada a partir de dicho escandalo. La ultima pieza en caer fue JBS, que se deshace de activos mientras batalla para seguir siendo el mayor productor mundial de carne. Y Odebrecht, la mayor constructora latinoamericana, nunca se aleja de los titulares de los diarios. En la lista Fortune Global 500 de 2016, que reune las mayores empresas de todo el mundo por volumen de facturacion, solo figuran siete brasilenas y es posible que este numero disminuya. En cambio, en la lista hay 103 empresas chinas.
A su vez, el gigante asiatico, que se ha convertido en el principal inversor de Brasil, demuestra un interes cada vez mayor. Entre las principales companias chinas se encuentra State Grid, la segunda empresa del mundo por facturacion despues de Walmart. Esta firma estatal abastece de suministro electrico al 88% de la poblacion de China y tiene su propia tecnologia innovadora para reducir la perdida de electricidad durante la transmision.
La empresa ingreso en Brasil en 2010 con la adquisicion de siete companias de transmision electrica a la firma espanola de ingenieria y construccion ACS por US$989 millones. En 2014, State Grid fue lider del consorcio formado con las brasilenas Fumas y Eletronorte al que se le adjudico la...
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