Chapter III. General review of the legal activities of the United Nations and related intergovernmental organizations
Pages | 109-293 |
ChapterIII
GENERAL REVIEW OF THE LEGAL ACTIVITIES
OF THE UNITEDNATIONS AND RELATED
INTERGOVERNMENTALORGANIZATIONS
A. G
UN
1. Membership of the UnitedNations
As of 31 December 2014, the number of Member States of the UnitedNations was 193.
2. Peace andSecurity
(a) Peacekeeping missions and operations1
(i) Peacekeeping missions and operations established in 2014
Central Afr ican Republic2
On 3 March 2014, the Secretary-General, in a report submitted pursua nt to
Security Council resolution2127 (2013), recommended that the Council, acting under
ChapterVII of the Charter of the United Nations, authorize the deployment of a multi-
dimensional UnitedNations peacekeeping operation, with t he protection of civilia ns as
its utmost pr iority.3 On 10 April 2014, the Securit yCouncil, by its resolution2149 (2014),
established the UnitedNations Mult idimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the
Central African Republic (MINUSCA) for an initial period until 30 April 2015 and re-
quested the Secretar y-General to subsume the UnitedNations Integrated Peacebui lding
Oce in the Centra l African Republic (BINUCA) in the new mission from the date of
adoption of thatre solution.4
1 e missions a nd operations are listed i n chronological order as per t heir date of establish ment.
2 See subsec tion (e)(i)(a) on action of Member States authori zed by the SecurityC ouncil and sub-
section ( f)(xi) on sanctions concerning t he Central Afric an Republic.
3 S/2014/142. See also the Secret ary-General’s remark s to the SecurityC ouncil on the situation in
the Central A frican Republic on 2 0 February 2014, http://ww w.un.org/sg/statements/index.as p?nid=7471.
4 For more information on MINUSCA s ee https://minusca.unmissions.org. S ee also the reports
of the Secreta ry-General on the situat ion in the Central Af rican Republic (S/2014/562 and S/2014/857).
For more information on BIN UCA, see subsection (b)(iv)(b) below.
Acting under ChapterVII of the Ch arter of the UnitedNations, the SecurityCounci l
authorized MINUSCA to take all necessary means to carry out its mandate, within its
capabilities and its a reas of deployment. It decided that MINUSCA should initial ly com-
prise up to 10,000 milita ry personnel. e SecurityCounc il further decided that t he man-
date of MINUSCA should init ially focus on: t he protection of civilia ns; support for the
implementation of the transition process, including eorts in favour of the extension of
State authority and preservat ion of territorial integrity; the facilitation of the immedi-
ate, full, sa fe and unhindered delivery of humanitarian assistance; the protection of the
UnitedNations; the protection and promotion of human r ights; support for national in-
ternational justice a nd the rule of law; and Dis armament, Demobilization, Reintegration
(DDR) and Repatriation(DDRR).
e SecurityC ouncil also requested the Secretar y-General, in consultation with the
African Union, to deploy a tra nsition team to set up MINUSCA and prepare the sea mless
transition of authority from t he International Support Mission to the Central African
Republic (MISCA) to MINUSCA by 15 September 2014, as well as to appoint a Special
Representative for the Central A frican Republic and Head of Mission of MINUSCA, who
shall assume overa ll authority on the ground for the coordination of all ac tivities of the
UnitedNations system in the Central Af rican Republic.5 In the period preced ing this trans-
fer of authority, MINUSCA implemented the mandated ta sks through its civilia n compo-
nent, while MISCA continued to implement its task s as mandated by SecurityCouncil
resolution2127 (2013).
(ii) Changes in the mandate and/or extensions of time limits of ongoing
peacekeeping operations or missions in 2014
a. Cypr us
e UnitedNations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) was established by
SecurityCou ncil resolution186 (1964) of 4 March 1964.6 e SecurityCounci l decided to
extend the mandate of UN FICYP by resolutions2135 (2014) of 30 January 2014 and 2168
(2014) of 30 July 2014, until 31 July 2014 and 31 January 2015, respectively.
b. Syrian Arab Republic a ndIsrael
e UnitedNations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) was established by
Security Council resolution350 (1974) of 31 March 1974.7 e SecurityCouncil renewed
the mandate of UNDOF by resolutions 2163 (2014) of 25 June 2014 and 2192 (2014) of
18 December 2014 until 31 December 2014 and 30 June 2015, respectively.
5 For more informat ion on MISCA, see subsection (e)(i)(a).
6 For more informat ion on UNFICYP, see https://uncyp.un missions.org.
7 For more information on U NDOF, see https://undof.unm issions.org and t he reports of the
Secretar y-General on the Unite dNations Di sengagement Observer Force ( UNDOF) for the perio d
from 4 December 2013 to 10 March 2014 (S/2014/199), for the period from 11 March to 28 May 2014
(S/2014/401), for the period from 29 May to 3 Se ptember 2014 (S/2014/665), and for the period from
4 September to 19 November 2014 (S/2014/859).
c. Lebanon
The United Nations Interi m Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) was established by
Security Council resolutions 425 (1978) and 426 (1978) of 19 March 1978.8 Following a
request by the Lebanese Foreign M inister, presented in a letter dated 25 July 2014 addressed
to the Secretar y-General, the Secretary-Genera l recommended to the SecurityCounci l to
consider the renewal of UNIF IL for a further period of one year.9 By resolution2172(2014)
of 26 August 2014, the Security Council renewed the mandate of U NIFIL until
31 August2015.
d. WesternSahara
e UnitedNations Mission for the Referendum in Western Saha ra (MINURSO)
was established by Secu rityCouncil resolution690 (1991) of 29 April 1991.10 By resolu-
tion2152(2014) of 29 April 2014, the SecurityCounci l decided to extend the mandate of
MINURSO u ntil 30 April2015.
e. Democrat ic Republic of the Congo11
e United Nations Organiz ation Mission in the Democratic Republic of the
Congo (MONUC) was established by Security Council resolution 1279 (1999) of
30 November 1999. As of 1 July 2010, MONUC was renamed UnitedNations Organizat ion
Stabilization Mi ssion in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO).12
Acting under ChapterVII of the Cha rter of the UnitedNations, the SecurityCouncil,
by its resolution2147 (2014) of 28 March 2014, extended the mandate of MONUSCO un-
til 31 March 2015 and decided that the renewed mandate would a lso include, on an ex-
ceptional basis and w ithout creating a prejudice to the agreed principles of peacekeep-
ing, MONUSCO’s “Intervention Brigade” under direct comma nd of the MONUSCO
Force Commander, with the responsibility of neutralizing a rmed groups as set out in
8 For more informat ion on UNIFIL , see https://uni l.unmission s.org. See also t he nine-
teenth semi-an nual report of t he Secretar y-General to t he Securit yCounc il on the implementat ion
of Security Council resolution 1559 (2004) (S/2014/296), and twentieth semi-an nual report of the
Secretar y-General to the Securit yCouncil on the implementation of S ecurityCounci l resolution1559
(2004) (S/2014/720), and the reports of the Secre tary-Genera l on the implementation of Secur ityCouncil
resolution1701(2006) (S/2014/438 and S/2014/784).
9 Let ter dated 31 July 2013 from the Secre tary-Gener al addressed t o the President of the
SecurityC ouncil (S/2014/554).
10 For more information on MIN URSO, see https://minurso.unmis sions.org. See also the report
of the Secreta ry-General on the situat ion concerning Western Saha ra (S/2014/258).
11 See subse ction (f)(iii) on sanctions c oncerning the Democrat ic Republic of the Congo.
12 See Se curity Council resolution 1925 (2010) of 28 May 2010. For more information on
MONUSCO see https://monusco.un missions.org. See a lso the repor ts of the Secreta ry-Genera l on
the United Nations Organ ization Stabi lization Mi ssion in the Democrat ic Republic of the Congo
(S/2014/157, S/2014/450, S/2014/698 and S/2014/956); the report of t he Secretary-Genera l on the imple-
mentation of the Peace, Sec urity and Cooper ation Framework for the Democrat ic Republic of the Congo
and the Region (S/2014/697); and the repor t of the Secreta ry-General on t he strategic review of the
UnitedNations Organiz ation Stabilizat ion Mission in the Democrat ic Republic of the Congo submitt ed
pursuant to para graph39 of SecurityCou ncil resolution2147 (2014) (S/2014/957).
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