Aprendiendo la lección.
Author | Bamrud, Joachim |
Position | Am |
No hay duda de que la eliminacion de las restricciones al mercado genera crecimiento económico, como se ha visto en América Latina en esta década. Pero al mismo tiempo es evidente que para mantener ese crecimiento, hacen falta otras reformas.
Por buenas razones, los líderes del sector público latinoamericano reconocen cada vez más que el sistema de educación del continente tiene nota de suspenso y necesita una atención urgente.
Cada año, empresas locales y extranjeras gastan miles de millones de dólares en la capacitación de empleados. Entre el 20% y el 50% de la suma no haría falta si la educación pública fuera buena, según la Comisión Económica de Naciones Unidas para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL). Al mismo tiempo, la educación pública no ha contribuido al avance socioeconómico de la mayoría de los latinoamericanos pobres. La ausencia de una clase media más vigorosa no sólo implica que haya trabajadores menos calificados, sino consumidores con menos poder adquisitivo.
Parte del problema es la falta de fondos para la educación pública. Y buena parte del dinero que se asigna al sector se gasta con imprudencia. En muchos casos, la educación superior recibe fondos a costa de la enseñanza primaria, lo que no reduce el alto nivel de deserción escolar; a su vez, esto implica que muchos jóvenes entran al mercado laboral con encasos conocimientos. Al mismo tiempo, los maestros, agobiados por el exceso de trabajo y mal pagados, no ganan salarios competitivos ni están lo suficientemente capacitados para mejorar su labor.
Quizá sea igual de importante que las...
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