Alaska

• Pages: 124-173

Chapter 3

for the

STATE OF ALASKA

Updated and Revised by

Clyde E. Sniffen, Jr.

Senior Assistant Attorney General

Alaska Department of Law

Anchorage, Alaska

The Section of Antitrust Law gratefully acknowledges Julia Coster, Esq., John M.

Dorsey, III, Esq., Michael A. Grisham, Esq., Richard D.Monkman, Esq., and

Douglas J. Serdahely, Esq. for their work on this chapterin prior editions.

Alaska 3-iii

CONTENTS

1.Introduction ................................................................................................... 1

1.a.Overview.......................................................................................... 1

1.e.Remedies.......................................................................................... 2

1.f.Enforcement ..................................................................................... 2

2.The Per Se Rule and the Rule of Reason ....................................................... 3

3.Horizontal Agreements Other Than Group Boycotts .................................... 4

3.a.Price Fixing...................................................................................... 4

3.b.Market Allocation ............................................................................ 5

3.c.Customer Allocation ........................................................................ 5

3.d.Bid Rigging...................................................................................... 6

3.e.Covenants Not toCompete..............................................................6

4.Group Boycotts.............................................................................................. 6

4.a.Concerted Refusals to Deal.............................................................. 6

4.b.Expulsion or Exclusion from Membership in Trade

Associations or Other Groups .......................................................... 7

5.Resale Price Maintenance.............................................................................. 7

6.Nonprice Vertical Restraints–Intrabrand....................................................... 8

7.Nonprice Vertical Restraints–Interbrand....................................................... 8

8.Tying Arrangements ...................................................................................... 8

9.Dual Distribution ........................................................................................... 8

10.Intracorporate Conspiracy.............................................................................. 8

11.Monopolization.............................................................................................. 9

12.Mergers........................................................................................................ 11

13.Discrimination & Other Single Firm Pricing Regulation ............................ 12

14.Exemptions and Defenses to Antitrust Liability.......................................... 12

14.a.Statutory Exemptions and Defenses............................................... 12

14.a.1.State A ction................................................................... 12

14.a.4.Statute ofLimitations.................................................... 14

14.a.6.Labor ............................................................................. 15

14.a.8.Agriculture .................................................................... 15

14.a.12.Fuel and Petroleum .......................................................15

14.a.15.Public Utilities............................................................... 16

14.a.18.Financial Institutions..................................................... 16

14.a.19.Professional Associations ............................................. 16

14.a.23.Miscellaneous................................................................ 16

14.b.Nonstatutory Exemptions and Defenses ........................................ 17

14.b.2. Noerr-Pennington Doctrine .......................................... 17

14.b.3.Preemption .................................................................... 17

14.b.8.Standing ........................................................................ 18

14.b.9.Indirect Purchasers........................................................ 19

15.Government Enforcement............................................................................ 19

15.a.Criminal ......................................................................................... 19

15.b.Quasi-Criminal (Civil Penalties).................................................... 19

15.c.Parens Patriae................................................................................. 20