Los 100 BANCOS de América Latina.
Position | Industria bancaria; inversiones - TT: The one hundred banks of Latin America. - TA: bank industry; investments |
LA CONQUISTA ESPAÑOLA
EN TODA LATINOAMERICA APARECIERON ESTE AÑO LOS síntomas de una gran crisis bancaria: alza de las tasas de interés, débil crecimiento económico e inestabilidad en los tipos de cambio. Cuando la moneda brasileña finalmente se desplomó, todas las miradas se volvieron hacia Banco Santander Central Hispano (BSCH) y Banco Bilbao Vizcaya (BBV), el primero y el segundo entre los bancos españoles, para observar cómo hacían frente a la acometida.
Después de todo, Emilio Botín y Emilio Ybarra, presidentes de BSCH y de BBV, respectivamente, han dirigido audazmente a sus bancos en la mayor invasión española del Nuevo Mundo desde la Conquista. Sólo en cinco años, cada banco ha gastado más de US$4.000 millones en adquirir más de US$40.000 millones en activos financieros. Pero si los conquistadores tienen problemas, nada indica que piensen en replegarse. Dice Pedro L. Uriarte, vicepresidente del directorio y presidente ejecutivo de BBV: "No somos misioneros; somos banqueros y creemos que si en la región las cosas se hacen bien, nuestras inversiones serán rentables".
Hasta ahora todo marcha bien. En el primer trimestre del año en curso, cuando las consecuencias de la devaluación debían hacerse evidentes, ambos bancos declararon ganancias. Las operaciones latinoamericanas de Santander tuvieron ganancias de casi US$143 millones, más de la tercera parte del total de ganancias del grupo y bien encaminadas para alcanzar la meta de fin de año de US$500 millones. En comparación con el mismo trimestre del año pasado, las ganancias regionales de BBV bajaron el 6% a US$92 millones, lo que todavía representa más de un tercio del total de ingresos netos de la institución financiera a nivel mundial.
Y las dos instituciones siguen adelante con grandes adquisiciones. Del mismo modo que su fusión con las operaciones de Central Hispano en América Latina le dio más energía, Santander compró Banco O'Higgins para adueñarse de casi la tercera parte del mercado chileno, a...
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