Tajikistan
World Encyclopedia of Police Forces and Correctional System › Countries (2006)
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Tajikistan
Official country name: Republic of Tajikistan Capital: Dushanbe Geographic description: Borders Afghanistan, China, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan Population: 7,163,506 (est. 2005) Tajikistan LAW ENFORCEMENT History The Tajiks come from ancient stock—the inhabitants of the Pamir Mountains claim to be the only pure descendants of the Aryan tribes who invaded India over 4,000 years ago, and the Saxon tribes of western Europe also originated there. Tajikistan's inaccessibility has protected it from most invaders, although Alexander the Great founded a city on the site of modern-day Khudzhand, calling it Alexandria Eskate (Alexandria the Furthest). However, the mountains effectively spared it from the Mongols, although it was under their aegis. After the dissolution of the Mongol Empire, Tajikistan was successively ruled by the emirs of Samarkand, Bukhara, and finally Kokand. Russia took control of the Tajik lands in the 1880s and 1890s, but the Tajiks remained split among several administrative-political entities, and their territories were economically backward and were exploited for their raw materials. In the aftermath of the 1917 Russian Revolution, the Tajiks rebelled against Russian rule; the Red Army did not establish control over them until 1921. Tajikistan was made an autonomous republic within Uzbekistan in 1924; in 1929 it became a constituent republic of the Soviet Union. The Tajiks continued to resist unt...
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