SIC 3313 Electrometallurgical Products, Except Steel
SIC 3313
This category includes establishments that manufacture metal additive alloys for both ferrous and nonferrous metals using electrometallurgical or metallothermic processes. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electrometallurgical steel are classified in SIC 3312: Steel Works, Blast Furnaces (Including Coke Ovens), and Rolling Mills.
331112
Electrometallurgical Ferroalloy Product Manufacturing
331492
Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Nonferrous Metals (except Copper and Aluminum)
The following alloying metals are those most commonly used to enhance iron and steel: nickel, molybdenum, manganese, silicon, aluminum, phosphorus, calcium, sulfur, lead, and selenium. Tungsten carbide powder and spiegeleisen also are produced in this industry. Alloys have three main purposes: to eliminate undesired elements in a base metal; to add special characteristics, such as strength, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance; and to neutralize unwanted properties of a metal.
Electrometallurgical products firms were shipping about $968 million worth of products per year in the early 2000s. Nickel and molybdenum are the most common alloys produced in the industry. Nickel is used primarily to create stainless steel; molybdenum is used to strengthen steel for aerospace and other specialty steel applications. Specialty metals production accounts for about 65 percent of primary nickel consumption. About 75 percent of all molybdenum consumed in 1998 went into iron and steel, with major end-use applications as follows: machinery, 35 percent; electrical, 15 percent; and transportation, 15 percent.
In 2004, there were approximately 90 establishments employing about 3,201 workers. Combined, the value of shipments totaled $2,342.20 million. The average number of employees per establishment stood at 37, while generating about $35 million in sales. Electrometallurgical products represented the largest sector of industry shipments, with more than 32 percent of the total market. Metal additive alloys controlled more than 27 percent, while ferroalloys accounted for about 17 percent. States representing the majority of firms were Pennsylvania, California, New York, and Ohio. Together, they represented about 45 percent of total market share and sales.
North American metal workers have been strengthening and enhancing iron and steel with alloys since the 1600s. Only since World War II, however, has the mining and production of the alloying metals emerged as a significant industry. Since that time, the federal government has promoted the extraction and processing of various ferrous and nonferrous alloys as a means of insuring reserves for national defense and security.
Demand for alloy metals surged from the 1950s through the 1970s, as the U.S. economy expanded and new alloying technologies broadened the industry's market. The auto and capital equipment industries, particularly, became major consumers of ferroalloys during that period. By the end of the 1970s, the electrometallurgical industry employed about 6,000 workers and was shipping about $700 million worth of products each year.
As maturing markets, high production costs, and metal substitutes reduced U.S. steel production in the 1980s, growth of alloy...
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- Primary Metals Industries
- SIC 3312 Steel Works, Blast Furnaces (Including Coke Ovens), and Rolling Mills
- SIC 3313 Electrometallurgical Products, Except Steel
- SIC 3315 Steel Wiredrawing and Steel Nails and Spikes
- SIC 3316 Cold Finishing of Steel Shapes
- SIC 3317 Steel Pipe and Tubes
- SIC 3321 Gray and Ductile Iron Foundries
- SIC 3322 Malleable Iron Foundries
- SIC 3324 Steel Investment Foundries
- SIC 3325 Steel Foundries, Not Elsewhere Classified
- SIC 3331 Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper
- SIC 3334 Primary Production of Aluminum
- SIC 3339 Primary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metals, Except Copper and Aluminum
- SIC 3341 Secondary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metals
- SIC 3351 Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding of Copper
- SIC 3353 Aluminum Sheet, Plate, and Foil
- SIC 3354 Aluminum Extruded Products
- SIC 3355 Aluminum Rolling and Drawing, Not Elsewhere Classified
- SIC 3356 Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding of Nonferrous Metals, Except Copper and Aluminum
- SIC 3357 Drawing and Insulating of Nonferrous Wire
- SIC 3363 Aluminum Die-Castings
- SIC 3364 Nonferrous Die-Castings Except Aluminum
- SIC 3365 Aluminum Foundries
- SIC 3366 Copper Foundries
- SIC 3369 Nonferrous Foundries, Except Aluminum and Copper
- SIC 3398 Metal Heat Treating
- SIC 3399 Primary Metal Products, Not Elsewhere Classified
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