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Argentina
Official country name: Argentine Republic Capital: Buenos Aires Geographic description: Southeastern part of South America, covering much of the tapering end of the continent. Population: 39,537,943 (est. 2005) Argentina LAW ENFORCEMENT History The initial development of police forces in Latin America followed a Spanish model noted for its repressiveness and orientation toward order maintenance and defense of the Crown. Often, the role of police was viewed as complementary to that of the army. The number of law enforcement personnel in the colonies was small. The task of order maintenance was assigned to marshals (alguaciles), rural police, and night watchmen (serenos). The first police departments were established in Chile (1760), New Granada (1791), Brazil (1808), Argentina (1813), and Uruguay (1829). Argentina, the second largest country in South America, underwent a colonization process beginning in 1615 with the landing of Juan Díaz de Solís. For the next two hundred years European powers fought for control over the rich resources that Argentina had to offer. Spain eventually became the country's ...
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